Sociodemographic characteristics of participants
| Variables | Presence of GDM | Total N (%) | ||
| Yes (%) | No (%) | |||
| Age group in years | 20–24 | 7 (4.4) | 76 (15.9) | 83 (13.1) |
| 25–29 | 42 (26.4) | 177 (37.1) | 219 (34.4) | |
| 30–35 | 62 (39.0) | 160 (33.5) | 222 (34.9) | |
| ≥36 | 48 (30.2) | 64 (13.4) | 112 (17.6) | |
| Marital status | Single | 0 (0) | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) |
| Married | 158 (99.4) | 475 (99.6) | 633 (99.5) | |
| Divorced | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.2) | 2 (0.3) | |
| Educational status | Illiterate | 15 (9.4) | 39 (8.2) | 54 (8.5) |
| Primary school | 32 (20.1) | 127 (26.6) | 159 (25.0) | |
| Secondary school and above | 112 (70.4) | 311 (65.2) | 423 (66.5) | |
| Monthly income in Ethiopian birr | <1500 | 8 (5.0) | 37 (7.8) | 45 (7.1) |
| 1500–2499 | 9 (5.7) | 28 (5.9) | 37 (5.8) | |
| 2500–3999 | 33 (20.8) | 116 (24.3) | 149 (23.4) | |
| ≥4000 | 109 (68.6) | 296 (62.1) | 405 (63.7) | |
GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus.