Factors associated with the remission of PLEs (N=4208)
| Variables* | Remitted PLEs vs non-PLEs† | Remitted PLEs vs current PLEs‡ | |
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | ||
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Age | – | 0.88 (0.81 to 0.95)** | 0.90 (0.80 to 1.00) |
| Sex | Male | 1 | 1 |
| Female | 1.50 (1.28 to 1.75)*** | 1.00 (0.80 to 1.25) | |
| Ethnicity | Others | 1 | 1 |
| Han | 1.29 (0.86 to 1.94) | 1.47 (0.83 to 2.59) | |
| Birthplaces | Rural | 1 | 1 |
| Town | 1.12 (0.93 to 1.35) | 1.15 (0.88 to 1.49) | |
| Urban | 1.06 (0.89 to 1.27) | 1.29 (0.98 to 1.68) | |
| Parental marital status | Not currently married | 1 | 1 |
| Married | 0.95 (0.73 to 1.24) | 0.95 (0.68 to 1.34) | |
| ‘Left-behind’ child status | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.16 (0.98 to 1.37) | 1.10 (0.87 to 1.38) | |
| Family history of mental disorders | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 0.86 (0.56 to 1.31) | 1.01 (0.63 to 1.60) | |
| Chronic physical illness | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.67 (1.29 to 2.16)*** | 1.12 (0.82 to 1.51) | |
| Lifestyle factors | |||
| Smoking | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 0.79 (0.46 to 1.35) | 0.66 (0.37 to 1.18) | |
| Alcohol intake | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.85 (1.19 to 2.88)** | 0.67 (0.43 to 1.05) | |
| Physical exercise | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.13 (0.96 to 1.32) | 1.14 (0.91 to 1.44) | |
| Psychosocial factors | |||
| Childhood trauma§ | High | 1 | 1 |
| Medium | 0.89 (0.73 to 1.08) | 1.20 (0.94 to 1.53) | |
| Low | 0.72 (0.57 to 0.91)** | 1.34 (0.92 to 1.95) | |
| Recent adverse life events¶ | High | 1 | 1 |
| Medium | 0.73 (0.60 to 0.89)** | 1.95 (1.54 to 2.47)*** | |
| Low | 0.30 (0.23 to 0.38)*** | 1.56 (1.03 to 2.35)* | |
| Resilience** | Low | 1 | 1 |
| Medium | 0.87 (0.71 to 1.07) | 1.38 (1.07 to 1.78)* | |
| High | 0.66 (0.51 to 0.86)** | 1.54 (0.98 to 2.43) | |
| Social support†† | Low | 1 | 1 |
| Medium | 1.07 (0.87 to 1.31) | 1.53 (1.18 to 1.97)** | |
| High | 1.08 (0.85 to 1.39) | 1.48 (1.01 to 2.17)* | |
| Affective symptoms | |||
| PHQ-9 score ≥5 | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.98 (1.67 to 2.36)*** | 0.50 (0.36 to 0.69)*** | |
| GAD-7 score ≥5 | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.97 (1.66 to 2.34)*** | 0.44 (0.33 to 0.59)*** | |
| Self-reported sleep problem | |||
| Difficulty falling asleep | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.17 (0.99 to 1.38) | 0.97 (0.76 to 1.23) | |
| Waking up easily at night | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.36 (1.12 to 1.65)** | 0.85 (0.67 to 1.09) | |
| Early wakening | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.33 (1.13 to 1.57)** | 0.64 (0.51 to 0.80)*** |
*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.
Bold values are p<0.05.
*All independent variables were simultaneously entered into multivariate logistic regression models.
†The reference category for the dependent variables was the “non-PLEs group”.
‡The reference category for the dependent variables was the “Current PLEs group”.
§The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) was used to assess self-reported experiences of childhood traumas before the age of 16.
¶The Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist (ASLEC) was used to assess adverse life events in the past 12 months.
**The 27-item Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents (RSCA) was used to evaluate the resilience.
††The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) was used to assess individual perceived social support.
PLEs, psychotic-like experiences.