Summary of personal payments to board-certified cardiologists
| Variables | Value |
| Total amounts of payments | |
| Payment values, $ | 112 934 503 |
| Number of payments, no. | 165 013 |
| Payments per cardiologist | |
| Mean (SD)* | |
| Payment values, $ | 12 649 (35 012) |
| Number of payments, no. | 16.7 (33.9) |
| Median (IQR)* | |
| Payment values, $ | 2947 (1022–8787) |
| Number of payments, no. | 7.0 (2.0–17.0) |
| Maximum* | |
| Payment values, $ | 782 015 |
| Number of payments, no. | 576.0 |
| Gini Index | 0.840 |
| Cardiologists with specific amounts of payments (n=15 048), n (%) | |
| No payment | 5190 (34.5) |
| Any payments | 9858 (65.5) |
| $1–$1000 | 2318 (15.4) |
| $1001–$10 000 | 5314 (35.3) |
| $10 001–$50 000 | 1825 (12.1) |
| $50 001–$100 000 | 225 (1.5) |
| $100 001–$200 000 | 109 (0.7) |
| $200 001 or more | 67 (0.5) |
| Payment categories | |
| Lecturing payments | |
| Monetary value (%), $ | 100 067 695 (88.6) |
| Number of payments (%), no. | 148 036 (89.7) |
| Mean value per payment (SD), $ | 676 (341) |
| Number of cardiologists receiving payments (%), n | 9710 (64.5) |
| Consulting payments | |
| Monetary value (%), $ | 9 084 765 (89.7) |
| Number of payments (%), no. | 11 815 (7.2) |
| Mean value per payment (SD), $ | 769 (1296) |
| Number of cardiologists receiving payments (%), n | 3561 (23.7) |
| Writing payments | |
| Monetary value (%), $ | 3 782 044 (3.3) |
| Number of payments (%), no. | 5162 (3.1) |
| Mean value per payment (SD), $ | 733 (340) |
| Number of cardiologists receiving payments (%), n | 2300 (15.3) |
*Payments per cardiologist were calculated among cardiologists who received one or more payments, as 34.5% of cardiologists did not receive any payments over the 4 years.