Table 1

Baseline characteristics among SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals and test-negative controls in the acute phase of the infection

Acute phase of SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 positive
(n=3 56 421)
SARS-CoV-2 negative
(n=3 067 456)
Standardised mean differenceSARS-CoV-2 negative,
PS-weighted
(n=356 397)
Standardised mean difference, weighted
Demographics
Sex, female, n%182 770 (51)1 619 362 (53)0.03182 769 (51)0.00
Age
 18–50246 986 (69)1 723 629 (56)0.27245 676 (69)0.01
 51–6980 483 (23)899 064 (29)0.1581 450 (23)0.01
 70+28 952 (8)444 763 (14)0.2029 271 (8.2)0.00
Comorbidities
Charlson Comorbidity Index, n (%)
 CCI=0310 799 (87)2 572 424 (84)0.09312 217 (88)0.01
 CCI=110 050 (2.8)119 385 (3.9)0.0610 430 (2.9)0.01
 CCI≥235 572 (10.0)375 647 (12)0.0733 750 (9.5)0.02
 Hypertension25 272 (7.1)319 755 (10)0.1225 310 (7.1)0.00
 Atrial fibrillation or flutter8648 (2.4)110 716 (3.6)0.078671 (2.4)0.00
 Congestive heart failure4.328 (1.2)52 125 (1.7)0.044347 (1.2)0.00
 Ischaemic cardiac disease13 424 (3.8)165 360 (5.4)0.0813 431 (3.8)0.00
 Peripheral vascular disease2939 (0.8)42 398 (1.4)0.052945 (0.8)0.00
 Venous thromboembolism6459 (1.8)70 198 (2.3)0.036472 (1.8)0.00
 Diabetes mellitus11 351 (3.2)119 199 (3.9)0.0411 402 (3.2)0.00
 Chronic kidney disease2882 (0.8)30 437 (1.0)0.022896 (0.8)0.00
 Dyslipidaemia11 496 (3.2)142 515 (4.6)0.0711 512 (3.2)0.00
 Cancer14 267 (4.0)196 123 (6.4)0.1114 276 (4.0)0.00
Lifestyle-related diagnoses
 Alcohol-related disorders3068 (0.9)50 713 (1.7)0.073076 (0.9)0.00
 Obesity24 859 (7.0)231 374 (7.5)0.0224 928 (7.0)0.00
 Markers of smoking10 370 (2.9)134 348 (4.4)0.0810 393 (2.9)0.00
Prescription drug use
 Platelet inhibitor28 249 (7.9)369 535 (12)0.1428 284 (7.9)0.00
 Anticoagulants14 024 (3.9)176 364 (5.7)0.0814 057 (3.9)0.00
 Antidiabetic drugs20 353 (5.7)199 646 (6.5)0.0320 405 (5.7)0.00
 Antihypertensives75 773 (21)890 967 (29)0.1875 821 (21)0.00
 Loop diuretics15 284 (4.3)195 276 (6.4)0.0915 336 (4.3)0.00
 Lipid-lowering drugs42 273 (12)542 350 (18)0.1642 272 (12)0.00
  • PS, propensity score.