Changes in the urinary flow rate, PVR and IPSS after balloon dilation
| Study | Location of the strictures | Length of strictures |
| Virasoro et al28 | Anterior urethra | ≤ 2 cm |
| Elliott et al27 | Anterior urethra | ≤ 3 cm |
| Zhou et al35 | Anterior urethra (n=36, 80%); posterior urethra (n=9, 20%) | ≤ 2 cm |
| Chhabra et al36 | Anterior urethra (n=110, 76%); posterior urethra (n=8, 6%); both (n=26, 18%) | ≤ 1.5 cm (n=130, 90%); |
| > 1 cm (n=14, 10%) | ||
| Vyas et al39 | Anterior urethra (n=114, 95%); posterior urethra (n=6, 5%) | ≤ 1.5 cm |
| MacDiarmid et al41 | Anterior urethra (n=49, 96%); posterior urethra (n=2, 4%) | / |
| IPSS | |||||
| Before surgery | 3 months | 6 months | 1 year | 2 years | 3 years |
| 25.2±4.5 （n=53) | 6.1±7.6 (n=51) | 4.6±5.2 (n=45) | 4.5±3.9 (n=40) | 6.9±7.7 (n=38) | 5.5±6.9 (n=33) |
| 22.0±6.8 （n=79) | 7.4±5.8 (n=74) | 8.3±6.2 (n=71) | 9.0±7.1 (n=67) | / | / |
| / | / | / | / | / | / |
| / | / | 12.7 (n=112) | 12.6 (n=112) | / | / |
| 21.6 (n=120) | 11.4 (n=120) | 12.6 (n=120) | / | / | / |
| / | / | / | / | / | / |
| Qmax (mL/s) | |||||
| Before surgery | 3 months | 6 months | 1 year | 2 years | 3 years |
| 5.0±2.6 (n=46) | 22.2±12.5 (n=51) | 19.8±10.8 (n=45) | 20.1±10.0 (n=39) | 17.5±10.4 (n=38) | 15.1±8.3 (n=33) |
| 7.6±3.4 (n=78) | 18.6±10.9 (n=71) | 16.6±8.9 (n=69) | 15.5±9.0 (n=65) | / | / |
| 5.6±1.4 (n=45) | 19.8±3.9 (n=45) | / | / | / | / |
| 5.2±2.7 (n=144) | / | 15.4±7.2 (n=112) | 12.6±5.7 (n=112) | / | / |
| 5.7 (n=120) | 14.3 (n=120) | 12.7 (n=120) | / | / | / |
| 10.4 (n=48) | 15.3 (n=43) | 17.7 (n=27) | 15.2 (n=5) | / | / |
| PVR (mL) | |||||
| Before surgery | 3 months | 6 months | 1 year | 2 years | 3 years |
| 141.4±105.1 (n=43) | 141.4±105.1 (n=51) | 30.0±42.8 (n=45) | 24.6±32.1 (n=39) | 45.5±49.5 (n=38) | 50.2±62.5 (n=33) |
| 109.8±116.9 (n=77) | 103.4±134.4 (n=70) | 73.1±117.7 (n=67) | 94.6±121.8 (n=66) | / | / |
| / | / | / | / | / | / |
| / | / | / | / | / | / |
| 90.2 (n=120) | 34.2 (n=120) | 20.2 (n=120) | / | / | / |
| / | / | / | / | / | / |
IPSS, International Prostate Symptom Scores; PVR, postvoid residual urine volume; Qmax, maximum uroflow.