Secondary outcomes, stratified by new-onset AF and prevalent AF
| New-onset AF n=164 | Non AF n=2828 | P value* | Prevalent AF n=72 | P value* | |
| All-cause mortality (%) | 49 (31.6) | 437 (16.2) | <0.001 | 23 (32.4) | <0.001 |
| Length of stay hospital in days (median, IQR) | 14.5 (6–23) | 9 (4–17) | <0.001 | 5.5 (3–15) | 0.256 |
| ICU and/or MCU admission (%) | 97 (59.1) | 666 (23.0) | <0.001 | 13.0 (18.1) | 0.394 |
| Length of stay ICU in days (median, IQR) | 15.0 (9–27) | 7.0 (3–14) | <0.001 | 8.0 (5–12) | 0.016 |
| Discharge destination | |||||
| Home (%) | 49 (29.9) | 1745 (61.7) | <0.001 | 29 (40.3) | <0.001 |
| Nursing home (%) | 8 (4.9) | 129 (4.6) | 0.847 | 9 (12.5) | 0.006 |
| Rehabilitation centre (%) | 26 (15.9) | 374 (13.2) | 0.345 | 11 (15.3) | 0.597 |
| Complications | |||||
| Total (%) | 118 (72.0) | 1187 (42.0) | <0.001 | 32 (44.4) | 0.717 |
| ARDS (%) | 65 (39.9) | 373 (13.6) | <0.001 | 6 (8.3) | 0.224 |
| Stroke/CVA (%) | 6 (3.7) | 51 (1.9) | 0.130 | 2 (2.8) | 0.388 |
| CHF (%) | 14 (8.6) | 77 (2.8) | <0.001 | 4 (5.6) | 0.150 |
| Endocarditis/myocarditis (%) | 2 (1.2) | 18 (0.7) | 0.306 | 1 (1.4) | 0.380 |
| Coagulation disorder (%) | 36 (22.1) | 203 (7.4) | <0.001 | 4 (5.6) | 0.817 |
| DVT (%) | 22 (13.4) | 69 (2.4) | <0.001 | 0 (0.0) | 0.417 |
| PE (%) | 24 (14.6) | 133 (4.7) | <0.001 | 4 (5.6) | 0.775 |
| Rhabdomyolysis (%) | 8 (4.9) | 53 (1.9) | 0.019 | 1 (1.4) | 1.000 |
| Physical decline (%) | 77 (49.7) | 740 (27.6) | <0.001 | 15 (20.8) | 0.230 |
| Cognitive decline (%) | 20 (13.7) | 201 (7.6) | 0.011 | 11 (15.5) | 0.022 |
| Delirium (%) | 38 (23.8) | 338 (12.4) | <0.001 | 13 (18.3) | 0.145 |
*Compared with non-AF.
AF, atrial fibrillation; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; CHF, congestive heart failure; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; DVT, deep venous thrombosis; ICU, intensive care unit; MCU, medium care unit; PE, pulmonary embolism.