EPDS item and subscale averages for the UK and Gambia samples
| UK sample | Gambia sample | ||
| Item # | M (SD) | M (SD) | |
| 1 | I have been able to laugh and see the funny side of things | 0.2 (0.5) | 0.3 (0.5) |
| 2 | I have looked forward with enjoyment to things* | 0.3 (0.5) | 0.4 (0.6) |
| 3 | I have blamed myself unnecessarily when things went wrong* | 1.2 (0.8) | 0.4 (0.7) |
| 4 | I have been anxious or worried for no good reason* | 1.4 (0.9) | 0.7 (0.8) |
| 5 | I have felt scared or panicky for no good reason* | 0.9 (0.8) | 0.6 (0.9) |
| 6 | Things have been getting on top of me* | 1.0 (0.8) | 0.6 (0.8) |
| 7 | I have been so unhappy that I have had difficulty in sleeping | 0.4 (0.7) | 0.5 (0.8) |
| 8 | I have felt sad or miserable* | 0.6 (0.8) | 0.5 (0.7) |
| 9 | I have been so unhappy that I have been crying | 0.5 (0.6) | 0.3 (0.7) |
| 10 | The thought of harming myself had occurred to me | 0.1 (0.3) | 0.1 (0.3) |
| Anxiety subscale (3, 4, 5)* All other items | 3.5 (2.0) 2.7 (2.6) | 1.7 (1.7) 3.0 (2.9) | |
| Total score* | 6.5 (4.4) | 4.4 (3.7) |
Bonferroni adjusted alpha level of 0.004 was used per test (0.05/13).
*Indicates a significant difference when using an independent samples t-test at p<0.004.
EPDS, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.