Associations between dietary pattern adherence and self-reported risk factors in rural and metro populations
| High total cholesterol (OR, 95% CI) | Diabetes (OR, 95% CI) | Hypertension (OR, 95% CI) | Ischaemic heart disease (OR, 95% CI) | |||||
| Pattern 1 Q1 (lowest adherence) | Rural 1.00 (ref) | Metro 1.00 (ref) | Rural 1.00 (ref) | Metro 1.00 (ref) | Rural 1.00 (ref) | Metro 1.00 (ref) | Rural 1.00 (ref) | Metro 1.00 (ref) |
| Pattern 1 Q2 | 0.54 (0.19 to 1.55) | 1.26 (0.55 to 2.89) | 2.35 ((0.65 to 8.38) | 2.35 (0.66 to 8.40) | 2.54 (0.97 to 6.63) | 2.34 (1.18 to 4.66) p=0.015* | 2.57 (0.51 to 12.96) | 1.22 (0.31 to 4.89) |
| Pattern 1 Q3 | 0.66 (0.218 to 2.03)) | 1.01 (0.42 to 2.44) | 3.08 (0.78 to 12.2) | 3.08 0.78 to 12.20) | 2.37 (0.93 to 6.04) | 1.55 (0.76 to 3.13) | 4.21 (0.99 to 17.8) | 0.58 (0.13 to 2.56) |
| Pattern 1 (highest adherence) | 0.73 (0.26 to 2.09) | 1.57 (0.68 to 3.61) | 3.38 (0.81 to 14.1) | 3.40 (0.81 to 14 to 12) | 2.90 (1.16 to 7.25) p=0.22 | 2.19 (1.10 to 4.36) p=0.025* | 1.80 (0.35 to 9.42) | 1.19 (0.28 to 4.97) |
| P trend | p=0.68 | p=0.36 | p=0.74 | p=0.07 | p=0.03* | p=0.14 | p=0.69 | p=0.95 |
| Pattern 2 Q1 (lowest adherence) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Pattern 2 Q2 | 0.78 (0.31 to 1.95) | 1.05 (0.52 to 2.14) | 4.09 (0.9417.67) | 0.24 (0.08 to 0.65) | 0.52 (0.23 to 1.23) | 1.28 (0.70 to 2.35) | 2.84 (0 to 37 to 21.9 | 0.65 (0.17 to 2.52) |
| Pattern 2 Q3 | 1.45 (0.65 to 3.27) | 1.12 (0.55 to 2.27) | 2.61 (0.50 to 14.13) | 0.56 (0.21 to 1.54) | 0.70 (0.32 to 1.45) | 1.16 (0.57 to 2.34) | 4.34 (0.66 to 28.2) | 0.89 (0.20 to 3.93) |
| Pattern 2 Q4 (highest adherence) | 1.04 (0.37 to 2.940) | 0.93 (0.46 to 1.91) | 2.12 (0.40 to 11.1) | 0.73 (0.29 to 1.88) | 1.07 (0.51 to 2.24) | 1.66 (0.88 to 3.16) | 13.90 (2.29 to 84.3) (p=0.04)* | 0.36 (0.09 to 1.52) |
| P trend | p=0.64 | p=0.92 | p=0.45 | p=0.83 | p=0.80 | p=0.18 | p=0.02* | p=0.28 |
The lowest quartile (reference) indicates lowest adherence to the diet, and the highest is quartile (Q4) indicates highest adherence to the dietary pattern. Controlled for sex, socioeconomic status, education, energy intake, physical activity, smoking status and age. *indicates significance.