Quantitative estimate of overall statistical heterogeneity for all outcomes by intervention type
| Intervention type | Q-value | Df (Q) | P value | ∧τ2 | 95% CI (∧τ2)% | I2 % | 95% CI (I2)% |
| Digital health intervention | 62.26 | 41 | 0.0177 | 0.22 | 0.003 to 3.321 | 34 | 3.8 to 54.9 |
| Biomarker feedback Intervention | 23.48 | 9 | 0.0052 | 0.56 | 0.013 to 2.613 | 62 | 23.7 to 80.7 |
| Nurse or midwife-led counselling intervention | 268.29 | 85 | <0.0001 | 0.99 | 0.242 to 0.825 | 68 | 60.5 to 74.6 |