Baseline of the cohort
| Variable | Body mass index (kg/m2) n (%) | ||||
| Total (n=3145) | Normal weight (18.5 to <25) (n=1000) | Overweight (25 to <29.9) (n=976) | Obese (>= 30) (n=1169) | P value | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.6±8.4 | 22.4±1.7 | 27.4±1.4 | 37.6±8.7 | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | 65.3±16.6 | 67.5±17.3 | 65.9±17.0 | 62.9±15.3 | <0.001 |
| Gender, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Female | 1471 (46.8) | 452 (45.2) | 414 (42.4) | 605 (51.8) | |
| Male | 1674 (53.2) | 548 (54.8) | 562 (57.6) | 564 (48.2) | |
| SAPS score | 20.5±5.5 | 20.5±5.5 | 20.3±5.5 | 20.5±5.6 | 0.6 |
| Elixhauser comorbidity score | 0.4±1.6 | 0.3±1.4 | 0.4±1.7 | 0.4±1.7 | 0.337 |
| SOFA score, Median (IQR) | 6.0 (3.0, 8.0) | 5.0 (3.0, 8.0) | 6.0 (4.0, 8.0) | 6.0 (4.0, 9.0) | 0.006 |
| Comorbidity | |||||
| Diabetes, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| No | 2123 (67.5) | 782 (78.2) | 695 (71.2) | 646 (55.3) | |
| Yes | 1022 (32.5) | 218 (21.8) | 281 (28.8) | 523 (44.7) | |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 0.002 | ||||
| No | 1844 (58.6) | 622 (62.2) | 580 (59.4) | 642 (54.9) | |
| Yes | 1301 (41.4) | 378 (37.8) | 396 (40.6) | 527 (45.1) | |
| CHF, n (%) | 0.061 | ||||
| No | 2051 (65.2) | 670 (67) | 649 (66.5) | 732 (62.6) | |
| Yes | 1094 (34.8) | 330 (33) | 327 (33.5) | 437 (37.4) | |
| AFIB, n (%) | 0.576 | ||||
| No | 2241 (71.3) | 724 (72.4) | 686 (70.3) | 831 (71.1) | |
| Yes | 904 (28.7) | 276 (27.6) | 290 (29.7) | 338 (28.9) | |
| Renal disease, n (%) | 0.011 | ||||
| No | 2619 (83.3) | 862 (86.2) | 798 (81.8) | 959 (82) | |
| Yes | 526 (16.7) | 138 (13.8) | 178 (18.2) | 210 (18) | |
| Liver disease, n (%) | 0.007 | ||||
| No | 2775 (88.2) | 905 (90.5) | 863 (88.4) | 1007 (86.1) | |
| Yes | 370 (11.8) | 95 (9.5) | 113 (11.6) | 162 (13.9) | |
| Metastatic cancer, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| No | 2374 (75.5) | 713 (71.3) | 715 (73.3) | 946 (80.9) | |
| Yes | 771 (24.5) | 287 (28.7) | 261 (26.7) | 223 (19.1) | |
| Stroke, n (%) | 0.849 | ||||
| No | 2881 (91.6) | 913 (91.3) | 893 (91.5) | 1075 (92) | |
| Yes | 264 (8.4) | 87 (8.7) | 83 (8.5) | 94 (8) | |
| COPD, n (%) | 0.124 | ||||
| No | 2639 (83.9) | 834 (83.4) | 838 (85.9) | 967 (82.7) | |
| Yes | 506 (16.1) | 166 (16.6) | 138 (14.1) | 202 (17.3) | |
| CAD, n (%) | 0.276 | ||||
| No | 2662 (84.6) | 859 (85.9) | 813 (83.3) | 990 (84.7) | |
| Yes | 483 (15.4) | 141 (14.1) | 163 (16.7) | 179 (15.3) | |
| Vital signs | |||||
| MAP min (mm Hg) | 55.7 (48.0, 63.0) | 55.3 (48.0, 63.0) | 56.0 (48.0, 64.0) | 55.0 (48.0, 63.0) | 0.542 |
| Heart rate min | 74.0 (64.0, 86.0) | 75.0 (64.0, 86.0) | 73.0 (63.0, 85.0) | 74.5 (64.0, 85.0) | 0.519 |
| Laboratory tests | |||||
| PO2 min | 75.0 (53.0, 103.0) | 73.0 (52.0, 108.0) | 77.0 (53.5, 109.5) | 75.0 (54.0, 97.0) | 0.171 |
| pH min | 7.3 (7.2, 7.4) | 7.3 (7.2, 7.4) | 7.3 (7.2, 7.4) | 7.3 (7.2, 7.4) | < 0.001 |
| Haemoglobin min | 9.8 (8.7, 11.2) | 9.8 (8.7, 11.2) | 9.7 (8.6, 11.2) | 9.9 (8.7, 11.4) | 0.337 |
| Creatinine max, Median (IQR) | 1.3 (0.9, 2.3) | 1.1 (0.7, 2.0) | 1.3 (0.9, 2.3) | 1.5 (0.9, 2.6) | <0.001 |
| Lactate max, Median (IQR) | 2.0 (1.3, 3.5) | 2.0 (1.3, 3.4) | 2.0 (1.3, 3.5) | 2.0 (1.3, 3.5) | 0.838 |
| Interventions | |||||
| Mechanical ventilation use, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| No | 1458 (46.4) | 488 (48.8) | 488 (50) | 482 (41.2) | |
| Yes | 1687 (53.6) | 512 (51.2) | 488 (50) | 687 (58.8) | |
| Vasopressor use, n (%) | 0.657 | ||||
| No | 2004 (63.7) | 628 (62.8) | 620 (63.5) | 756 (64.7) | |
| Yes | 1141 (36.3) | 372 (37.2) | 356 (36.5) | 413 (35.3) | |
| Sedative use, n (%) | 0.001 | ||||
| No | 1699 (54.0) | 573 (57.3) | 543 (55.6) | 583 (49.9) | |
| Yes | 1446 (46.0) | 427 (42.7) | 433 (44.4) | 586 (50.1) | |
For all continuous covariates, the mean values and SD are reported.
AFIB, atrial fibrillation; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; MAP, minimum arterial pressure; SAPS, Simplified Acute Physiology Score; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.