Sociodemographic variables | Anxiety | χ2 (p value) | Depression | χ2 (p value) | ||
Presence n (%) | Absence n (%) | Presence n (%) | Absence n (%) | |||
Age group | ||||||
<40 years | 11 (12.4) | 19 (9.8) | 1.006 (0.800) | 13 (12.6) | 17 (9.4) | 5.741 (0.125) |
40–50 | 19 (21.3) | 46 (23.7) | 16 (15.5) | 49 (27.2) | ||
50–60 | 22 (24.7) | 55 (28.4) | 28 (27.2) | 49 (27.2) | ||
≥60 years | 37 (41.6) | 74 (38.1) | 46 (44.7) | 65 (36.1) | ||
Gender | ||||||
Male | 54 (60.7) | 107 (55.2) | 0.758 (0.384) | 59 (57.3) | 102 (56.7) | 0.010 (0.920) |
Female | 35 (39.3) | 87 (44.8) | 44 (42.7) | 78 (43.3) | ||
Ethnicity | ||||||
Brahmin/Chhetri | 42 (47.2) | 65 (33.5) | 4.953 (0.175) | 38 (36.9) | 69 (38.3) | 2.889 (0.409) |
Janajaties | 33 (37.1) | 89 (45.9) | 44 (42.7) | 78 (43.3) | ||
Dalit | 9 (10.1) | 24 (12.4) | 10 (9.7) | 23 (12.8) | ||
Religious minorities | 5 (5.6) | 16 (8.2) | 11 (10.7) | 10 (5.6) | ||
Type of family | ||||||
Nuclear | 53 (59.6) | 90 (46.4) | 4.226 (0.040)* | 59 (57.3) | 84 (46.7) | 2.953 (0.086) |
Joint/extended | 36 (40.4) | 104 (53.6) | 44 (42.7) | 96 (53.3) | ||
Living companion | ||||||
Alone | 13 (14.6) | 11 (5.7) | 6.278 (0.012)* | 15 (14.6) | 9 (5.0) | 7.719 (0.005)* |
With family | 76 (85.4) | 183 (94.3) | 88 (85.4) | 171 (95.0) | ||
Marital status | ||||||
Married | 72 (80.9) | 160 (82.2) | 1.433 (0.489) | 78 (75.7) | 154 (85.6) | 5.464 (0.065) |
Unmarried/divorced | 6 (6.7) | 7 (3.6) | 8 (7.8) | 5 (2.8) | ||
Widow/widower | 11 (12.4) | 27 (13.9) | 17 (16.5) | 21 (11.7) | ||
Education | ||||||
Illiterate | 15 (16.9) | 34 (17.5) | 1.880 (0.391) | 21 (20.4) | 28 (15.6) | 2.419 (0.298) |
Literate by informal education | 17 (19.1) | 25 (12.9) | 18 (17.5) | 24 (13.3) | ||
Literate by formal education | 57 (64.0) | 135 (69.6) | 64 (62.1) | 128 (71.1) | ||
Economic dependency | ||||||
Dependent | 41 (46.1) | 80 (41.2) | 0.582 (0.446) | 55 (53.4) | 66 (36.7) | 7.493 (0.006)* |
Independent | 48 (53.9) | 114 (58.8) | 48 (46.6) | 114 (63.3) | ||
Health insurance | ||||||
Full coverage | 9 (10.1) | 33 (17.0) | 2.498 (0.287) | 8 (7.8) | 34 (18.9) | 11.287 (0.004)* |
Partial coverage | 27 (30.3) | 59 (30.4) | 26 (25.2) | 60 (33.3) | ||
No insurance | 53 (59.6) | 102 (52.6) | 69 (67.0) | 85 (47.5) | ||
Perceived social support | ||||||
Low | 20 (22.5) | 21 (10.8) | 15.898 (<0.001)* | 25 (24.3) | 16 (8.9) | 18.458 (<0.001)* |
Moderate | 48 (53.9) | 82 (42.3) | 51 (49.5) | 79 (43.9) | ||
High | 21 (23.6) | 91 (46.9) | 27 (26.2) | 85 (47.2) |
*Statistical significance at p<0.05.