Comparisons of the characteristics in people with and without multimorbidity
| Variable | Total (n=12 576) | Without multimorbidity (n=5619) | With multimorbidity (n=6957) | Statistical magnitude | P value | Total (CI) | Without multimorbidity (CI) | With multimorbidity (CI) |
| Age, Mean (SE) | 47.5 (0.3) | 38.3 (0.2) | 55.3 (0.3) | t=−50.68 | <0.001 | 46.9 to 48.1 | 37.8 to 38.6 | 54.7 to 55.9 |
| Age category, n (%) | χ2=696.235 | <0.001 | ||||||
| <65 | 9692 (81.0) | 5242 (95.2) | 4450 (69.0) | 79.6 to 82.4 | 94.3 to 96.1 | 67.1 to 71.0 | ||
| ≥65 | 2884 (19.0) | 377 (4.8) | 2507 (31.0) | 17.6 to 20.4 | 3.9 to 5.7 | 29.0 to 32.9 | ||
| Gender, n (%) | χ2=17.175 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Male | 6112 (48.7) | 2844 (51.6) | 3268 (46.3) | 47.8 to 49.6 | 49.8 to 53.5 | 45.0 to 47.6 | ||
| Female | 6464 (51.3) | 2775 (48.4) | 3689 (53.7) | 50.4 to 52.2 | 46.5 to 50.2 | 52.4 to 55.0 | ||
| Race, n (%) | χ2=291.565 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Mexican American | 1787 (8.5) | 960 (11.7) | 827 (5.7) | 6.4 to 10.5 | 8.9 to 14.5 | 4.2 to 7.3 | ||
| Other Hispanic | 1238 (5.7) | 558 (6.9) | 680 (4.8) | 4.6 to 6.9 | 5.5 to 8.2 | 3.7 to 5.8 | ||
| Non-Hispanic white | 4961 (66.4) | 1805 (59.3) | 3156 (72.4) | 62.7 to 70.1 | 54.9 to 63.6 | 68.9 to 75.8 | ||
| Non-Hispanic black | 2665 (10.8) | 1200 (11.8) | 1465 (10.0) | 8.8 to 12.8 | 9.5 to 14.0 | 8.1 to 11.8 | ||
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 1422 (4.9) | 883 (7.0) | 539 (3.1) | 3.9 to 5.9 | 5.6 to 8.3 | 2.4 to 3.8 | ||
| Other race—including multi-racial | 503 (3.8) | 213 (3.4) | 290 (4.1) | 3.2 to 4.3 | 2.8 to 4.0 | 3.3 to 4.9 | ||
| Education, n (%) | χ2=17.572 | 0.001 | ||||||
| Less than 9th grade | 984 (3.8) | 385 (4.0) | 599 (3.7) | 3.1 to 4.5 | 3.1 to 4.9 | 3.0 to 4.5 | ||
| 9–11th grade (includes 12th grade with no diploma) | 1459 (8.2) | 628 (7.9) | 831 (8.5) | 7.3 to 9.2 | 6.7 to 9.1 | 7.4 to 9.6 | ||
| High school graduate/GED or equivalent | 2891 (23.3) | 1248 (22.2) | 1643 (24.3) | 21.7 to 25.0 | 19.8 to 24.6 | 22.6 to 26.0 | ||
| Some college or AA degree | 4040 (32.6) | 1748 (31.2) | 2292 (33.9) | 31.1 to 34.2 | 29.0 to 33.4 | 32.0 to 35.7 | ||
| College graduate or above | 3202 (31.9) | 1610 (34.7) | 1592 (29.6) | 28.9 to 35.0 | 30.9 to 38.5 | 26.5 to 32.6 | ||
| Ratio of family income to poverty, Mean (SE) | 3.0 (0.1) | 3.0 (0.1) | 3.1 (0.1) | t=−1.32 | 0.193 | 2.8 to 3.2 | 2.8 to 3.2 | 2.9 to 3.3 |
| Marital status, n (%) | χ2=19.853 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Married | 6428 (55.0) | 2756 (51.8) | 3672 (57.7) | 52.9 to 57.1 | 49.1 to 54.5 | 55.5 to 60.0 | ||
| Not married | 6148 (45.0) | 2863 (48.2) | 3285 (42.3) | 42.9 to 47.1 | 45.5 to 50.9 | 40.0 to 44.5 |
AA, associate of arts; GED, general equivalent diploma.