The associations between structural social capital (divided into professional, economic groups and non-economic groups) and depressive symptoms among participants in the Khánh Hòa Cardiovascular Study, Vietnam (2019–2020)
| Number of participants with/without depressive symptoms | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||
| PR | 95% CI | PR | 95% CI | PR | 95% CI | ||
| Professional and economic groups | |||||||
| No | 310/2335 | 1 | Ref. | 1 | Ref. | 1 | Ref. |
| Yes | 31/324 | 0.63 | 0.47 to 0.85 | 0.73 | 0.46 to 1.20 | 0.74 | 0.45 to 1.20 |
| Non-professional and non-economic groups | |||||||
| No | 258/1877 | 1 | Ref. | 1 | Ref. | 1 | Ref. |
| Yes | 83/782 | 0.79 | 0.58 to 1.09 | 0.80 | 0.59 to 1.10 | 0.80 | 0.58 to 1.09 |
Professional/economic groups included professional/trade union organisations, cooperatives, women’s unions, farmers’ associations, veterans’ associations and credit groups/life insurance groups. Non-professional/non-economic groups comprised religious groups and sports groups. Model 1 was adjusted for age and sex. Model 2 was further adjusted for education, marital status, employment and household income. Model 3 included the same variables as in Model 2 and also included current smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, body mass index and self-reported history of a serious disease (ie, cancer and/or diseases of the circulatory system).
CI, confidence interval; PR, prevalence ratio; Ref, reference category.