Table 3

Adjusted associations with undiagnosed type 2 diabetes (UT2D) and diagnosed (DT2D) in adults in Iraq, 2015 (adjusted for all variables in the table)

Variable	UT2D		DT2D
Variable	ARRR (95% CI)	P value	ARRR (95% CI)	P value
Predisposing indicators
Age in years
18–34	1 (Reference)		1 (Reference)
35–49	1.59 (1.03 to 2.43)	0.034	7.67 (3.86 to 15.25)	<0.001
50 or more	2.11 (1.30 to 3.43)	0.003	17.90 (8.42 to 38.06)	<0.001
Marital status
Not married	1 (Reference)		1 (Reference)
Married	1.06 (0.70 to 1.61)	0.781	1.31 (0.90 to 1.89)	0.156
Enabling/disabling indicators
Education
<Primary	1 (Reference)		1 (Reference)
Primary	0.99 (0.64 to 1.51)	0.946	0.89 (0.63 to 1.26)	0.509
>Primary	1.26 (0.85 to 1.86)	0.254	0.72 (0.50 to 1.04)	0.079
Ever cholesterol screening
No	1 (Reference)		1 (Reference)
Yes	0.86 (0.58 to 1.27)	0.44	2.17 (1.58 to 2.99)	<0.001
Healthcare advice (past 3 years)
No	1 (Reference)		1 (Reference)
Yes	1.03 (0.71 to 1.48)	0.879	2.15 (1.56 to 2.96)	<0.001
Sedentary behaviour	1.05 (0.70 to 1.58)	0.81	1.08 (0.79 to 1.48)	0.617
Physical activity
Low	1 (Reference)		1 (Reference)
Moderate	0.88 (0.56 to 1.37)	0.563	0.90 (0.65 to 1.26)	0.543
High	0.72 (0.44 to 1.18)	0.197	0.57 (0.38 to 0.84)	0.005
Smoking tobacco
Never	1 (Reference)		1 (Reference)
Past	1.43 (0.83 to 1.45)	0.193	1.19 (0.75 to 1.86)	0.466
Current	1.11 (0.69 to 1.78)	0.67	1.41 (0.98 to 2.03)	0.064
Need indicators
Elevated total cholesterol	1.54 (1.05 to 2.24)	0.026	1.55 (1.17 to 2.06)	0.002
Heart attack or stroke	0.94 (0.51 to 1.72)	0.838	1.81 (1.13 to 2.92)	0.015
Hypertension	1.39 (0.96 to 2.03)	0.084	1.43 (0.99 to 2.07)	0.056
Body mass index
<25 kg/m²	1 (Reference)		1 (Reference)
Overweight	0.93 (0.58 to 1.51)	0.775	1.17 (0.74 to 1.83)	0.5
Obesity	1.07 (0.64 to 1.79)	0.801	1.14 (0.75 to 1.75)	0.548

ARRR, adjusted relative risk ratio.