Baseline characteristics | Univariate | Multivariate | ||
Unadjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | |
Age | 1.02 (0.98 to 1.06) | 0.397* | 1.00 (0.96 to 1.04) | 0.954 |
BMI | 0.96 (0.89 to 1.04) | 0.325 | ||
Duration of AF | 1.04 (0.95 to 1.14) | 0.391 | ||
Type of AF: | ||||
Paroxysmal | 0.64 (0.25 to 1.64) | 0.358 | ||
Persistent | 1.55 (0.61 to 3.96) | 0.358 | ||
Number of failed AADs ≥2 | 2.36 (0.70 to 7.92) | 0.164 | ||
Diabetes mellitus | 0.79 (0.22 to 2.82) | 0.716 | ||
Hypertension | 1.82 (0.81 to 4.03) | 0.145 | ||
Heart failure | 0.64 (0.08 to 5.18) | 0.673 | ||
COPD | 1.48 (0.30 to 7.23) | 0.629 | ||
Coronary artery disease | 1.09 (0.23 to 5.15) | 0.914 | ||
Peripheral vascular disease | 0.00 (0.00 to 0.00) | 0.999 | ||
Stroke/CVA | 0.92 (0.20 to 4.30) | 0.919 | ||
Renal dysfunction (eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m2) | 0.51 (0.19 to 1.40) | 0.191 | ||
CHA2DS2VASc Score | 1.07 (0.82 to 1.40) | 0.629 | ||
LA diameter (index) | 1.06 (0.94 to 1.19) | 0.337 | ||
LAVI | 1.05 (1.01 to 1.09) | 0.030† | 1.05 (1.00 to 1.10) | 0.032 |
LEVF | 1.01 (0.92 to 1.10) | 0.891 |
*Demographic variables tested further with multivariable analysis.
†Significant univariable baseline characteristic (α ≤ 0.10) tested further with multivariable analysis.
AAD, antiarrhythmic drug; AF, atrial fibrillation; BMI, body mass index; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; eGFR, Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ; LAVI, left atrial volume index; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction.