Table 1

The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence items, response options and scoring

Item	Response options	Numerical value
How soon after you wake up do you smoke your first cigarette?	Within 5 min	3
	6–30 min	2
	31–60 min	1
	After 60 min	0
Do you find it difficult to refrain from smoking in places where it is forbidden?	No	0
	Yes	1
Which cigarette would you hate most to give up?	The first one in the morning	1
Which cigarette would you hate most to give up?	Any other	0
How many cigarettes per day do you smoke?	10 or less	0
	11–20	1
	21–30	2
	31 or more	3
Do you smoke more frequently during the first hours after waking up than during the rest of the day?	No	0
	Yes	1
Do you smoke when you are so ill that you are in bed most of the day?	No	0
	Yes	1