Table 3

Relationship among cumulative dental expenditures, added dental check-up fees and cumulative medical expenditures in a 12-year period

	N	Mean	SD	P value*	Crude OR	95% CI	P value†	Adjusted OR	95% CI	P value‡
Overall (n=2691)
CDEs and dental CF, JPY
Irregular	1017	241 103	204 466	<0.001	Ref.
Subregular	877	214 122	220 218		0.89	0.83 to 0.95	<0.001	0.91	0.85 to 0.98	0.008
Regular	797	202 281	190 324		0.84	0.78 to 0.90	<0.001	0.87	0.81 to 0.93	<0.001
CMEs, JPY
Irregular	1017	937 854	1 541 429	0.749	Ref.
Subregular	877	905 053	1 270 342		0.97	0.89 to 1.05	0.398	0.96	0.89 to 1.04	0.335
Regular	797	907 259	1 487 887		0.97	0.89 to 1.05	0.443	0.96	0.88 to 1.04	0.280
Younger adults (n=1528)
CDEs and dental CF, JPY
Irregular	515	206 925	179 252	0.014	Ref.
Subregular	536	183 111	191 786		0.89	0.81 to 0.97	0.010	0.86	0.78 to 0.95	0.002
Regular	477	180 974	158 222		0.88	0.79 to 0.96	0.007	0.86	0.78 to 0.95	0.003
CMEs, JPY
Irregular	515	695 888	1 131 985	0.685	Ref.
Subregular	536	650 923	1 018 878		0.94	0.84 to 1.04	0.232	0.85	0.76 to 0.94	0.003
Regular	477	700 535	1 024 149		1.01	0.90 to 1.13	0.907	0.94	0.84 to 1.05	0.237
Middle-aged adults (n=1163)
CDEs and dental CF, JPY
Irregular	502	276 167	222 223	<0.001	Ref.
Subregular	341	262 868	251 340		0.95	0.86 to 1.06	0.352	0.98	0.88 to 1.09	0.682
Regular	320	234 041	226 587		0.85	0.76 to 0.94	0.003	0.88	0.79 to 0.98	0.023
CMEs, JPY
Irregular	502	1 186 085	1 838 978	0.008	Ref.
Subregular	341	1 304 509	1 504 154		1.10	0.97 to 1.24	0.126	1.08	0.96 to 1.22	0.196
Regular	320	1 215 408	1 949 321		1.03	0.90 to 1.16	0.703	0.96	0.85 to 1.09	0.542

¥100≈US$1. Dental CF, CDEs and CMEs were used for a pooled 12-year period. Younger adults: 20–39 years, middle-aged adults: 40–59 years, regular: once per year, subregular: at least once per 2 years, irregular: others.
*Using the Kruskal‐Wallis test.
†cOR and 95% CI were calculated by generalised linear model with a Tweedie distribution of log link.
‡aOR and 95% CI were calculated by generalised linear model with a Tweedie distribution of log link after adjustment for sex, age, type of occupation and CMEs in 2002.
aOR, adjusted OR; CDEs, cumulative dental expenditures; CF, check-up fee; CMEs, cumulative medical expenditures; cOR, crude OR.