Table 4

Estimated association of adherence and group allocation at follow-up (aLiFE and eLiFE, n=120)

	Unstandardised B	Coefficient SE	Stnβ	95% CI	P value
Primary outcome measures
LLFDI
LLFDI disability frequency
Baseline score	0.677	0.065	0.716	0.549 to 0.80	0.000
Group allocation	0.872	0.553	0.105	−0.226 to 1.970	0.118
Predicted adherence level	0.080	0.127	0.042	−0.173 to 0.333	0.533
LLFDI disability limitation (/100)
Baseline score	0.663	0.081	0.621	0.502 to 0.824	0.000
Group allocation	−0.487	1.968	−0.017	−4.390 to 3.417	0.805
Predicted adherence level	0.663	0.081	0.621	0.346 to 2.393	0.009
LLFDI function total components
Baseline score	0.779	0.064	0.760	0.652 to 0.906	0.000
Group allocation	−1.354	1.260	−0.057	−3.854 to 1.146	0.285
Predicted adherence level	0.797	0.344	0.144	0.114 to 1.480	0.023
LLFDI UE
Baseline score	0.624	0.074	0.623	0.478 to 0.771	0.000
Group allocation	−0.667	1.694	−0.027	−4.028 to 2.693	0.694
Predicted adherence level	1.113	0.418	0.197	0.285 to 1.942	0.009
LLFDI BLE
Baseline score	0.632	0.076	0.631	0.481 to 0.784	0.000
Group allocation	−1.994	1.788	−0.072	−5.540 to 1.552	0.267
Predicted adherence level	1.304	0.486	0.204	0.339 to 2.268	0.009
LLFDI ALE
Baseline score	0.868	0.066	0.780	0.736 to 0.999	0.000
Group allocation	−1.934	1.763	−0.057	−5.431 to 1.562	0.275
Predicted adherence level	1.000	0.467	0.127	0.074 to 1.926	0.035
Behavioural complexity
Complexity, mean
Baseline score	0.178	0.076	0.235	0.028 to 0.329	0.021
Group allocation	−0.012	0.019	−0.063	−0.049 to 0.025	0.525
Predicted adherence level	0.008	0.004	0.185	−0.001 to 0.017	0.068
Complexity, median (IQR)
Baseline score	0.209	0.076	0.270	0.057 to 0.360	0.008
Group allocation	−0.007	0.019	−0.035	−0.045 to 0.031	0.726
Predicted adherence level	0.008	0.004	0.186	−0.045 to 0.017	0.063
Secondary outcome measures
Cognition, affect and well-being
MOCA score
Baseline score	0.590	0.090	0.558	0.411 to 0.769	0.000
Group allocation	0.190	0.328	0.049	−0.461 to 0.842	0.563
Predicted adherence level	−0.023	0.077	−0.026	−0.176 to 0.129	0.762
CES-D score
Baseline score	0.426	0.087	0.444	0.253 to 0.598	0.000
Group allocation	−0.586	0.903	−0.048	−2.377 to 1.205	0.518
Predicted adherence level	−0.889	0.257	−0.313	−1.399 to −0.380	0.001
Short Form 12
Baseline score	0.500	0.102	0.467	0.297 to 0.703	0.000
Group allocation	−0.990	0.517	−0.158	−2.017 to 0.037	0.059
Predicated adherence level	0.231	0.138	0.160	−0.042 to 0.505	0.097
Physical ability and mobility*
Usual gait speed (7 m walk)
Baseline score	0.621	0.057	0.717	0.507 to 0.735	0.000
Group allocation	0.041	0.027	0.097	−0.012 to 0.095	0.128
Predicted adherence level	0.014	0.007	0.141	0.001 to 0.027	0.036
CBMS (/96)
Baseline score	0.847	0.073	0.796	0.702 to 0.992	0.000
Group allocation	1.039	1.599	0.038	−2.134 to 4.212	0.517
Predicated adherence level	0.206	0.431	0.033	−0.648 to 1.061	0.633
8-Level Balance test
Baseline score	0.467	0.116	0.396	0.237 to 0.697	0.000
Group allocation	0.254	0.213	0.111	−0.168 to 0.677	0.235
Predicted adherence level	0.047	0.051	0.089	−0.053 to 0.147	0.356

Bold p<0.05
*Strength and balance deficits known to influence adherence.
ALE, advanced lower extremity; aLiFE, adapted Lifestyle-integrated Functional Exercise; BLE, basic lower extremity; CBMS, Community Balance and Mobility Scale; CES-D, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression; eLiFE, enhanced Lifestyle-integrated Functional Exercise; LLFDI, Late-Life Function and Disability Index; MOCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; UE, upper extremity; VAS, Visual Analogue Scale.