Table 4
Change in knowledge between baseline and follow-up
| Baseline | Follow-up | χ2 | P value | Direction of change* | |||
| Correct n (%) | Incorrect n (%) | Correct n (%) | Incorrect n (%) | ||||
| Malaria (mosquito) causes cervical cancer (false) | 101 (87.8) | 14 (12.2) | 109 (94.8) | 6 (5.2) | 3.56 | 0.06 |  |
| Pain during urination can be a sign of cervical cancer (false) | 72 (62.6) | 43 (37.4) | 39 (33.9) | 76 (66.1) | 16.3 | <0.001 |  |
| Q3: Cervical cancer is the most common cancer disease among Tanzanian women (true) | 106 (92.2) | 9 (7.8) | 104 (90.4) | 11 (9.6) | 0.2 | 0.64 |  |
| Q4: You can get cervical cancer from deep kissing (false) | 101 (87.8) | 14 (12.2) | 52 (45.2) | 63 (54.8) | 38.1 | <0.001 |  |
| Q5: It is possible to prevent cervical cancer (true) | 64 (55.6) | 51 (44.3) | 95 (82.6) | 20 (17.4) | 19.6 | <0.001 |  |
| Q6: Vaginal bleeding is the most common sign of cervical cancer (true) | 68 (59.1) | 47 (40.9) | 69 (60.0) | 46 (40.0) | 0.0 | 0.89 |  |
| Q7: Too much sun can lead to cervical cancer (false) | 91 (79.1) | 24 (20.9) | 54 (47.0) | 61 (53.0) | 22.4 | <0.001 |  |
| Q8: A cervical infection can lead to cervical cancer (true) | 83 (72.2) | 32 (27.8) | 105 (91.3) | 10 (8.7) | 12.7 | <0.001 |  |
| Q9: HIV-positive women have higher risk of developing cervical cancer (true) | 93 (80.9) | 22 (19.1) | 97 (84.4) | 18 (15.6) | 0.5 | 0.47 |  |
| Q10: Cervical cancer is often found at an early stage due to obvious symptoms (false) | 32 (27.8) | 83 (72.2) | 12 (10.4) | 103 (89.6) | 9.1 | 0.00 |  |
| Q12: Screening can detect cervical infections, so they do not develop into cancer (true) | 105 (91.3) | 10 (8.7) | 105 (9.3) | 10 (8.7) | 0.0 | 1.00 |  |
| Q13: Cervical cancer is the main cause of cancer-related death among Tanzanian women (true) | 107 (93.0) | 8 (7.0) | 105 (91.3) | 10 (8.7) | 0.3 | 0.62 |  |
| Q14: Cervical cancer is most common for women in the 20’s (false) | 36 (31.3) | 79 (68.7) | 14 (12.2) | 101 (87.8) | 11.0 | <0.001 |  |
| Q15: Itchiness in the vaginal area can be a sign of cervical cancer (false) | 66 (57.4) | 49 (42.6) | 29 (25.2) | 86 (74.8) | 21.7 | <0.001 |  |
| Q16: A virus called ‘human papillomavirus’ (HPV) causes cervical cancer. (true) | 65 (56.5) | 50 (43.5) | 98 (85.2) | 17 (14.8) | 23.2 | <0.001 |  |
*Green=significantly more women answered item correct; yellow=no difference; red=significantly more women answered item incorrect.