Content of PAL intervention modules
| Modules | Target | For whom | Behavioural feedback | Motivational feedback | |||||
| Recommendations | Behaviour | Normative | Ipsative | TTM constructs | Normative | Ipsative | |||
| Profile HRBs | Provide information on overall lifestyle | All | Listed below | Overview over individual HRBs | – | Month 1 Month 3 | – | – | – |
| Physical inactivity | Increase physical activity | Participants with insufficient physical activity | ≥150 or ≥75 min of moderate or vigorous activity per week or an according combination of both38 | No of minutes per week | Baseline | Month 1 Month 3 | Stage of change Processes Decisional balance Self-efficacy Plan to change | Baseline | Month 1 Month 3 |
| Unbalanced diet | Increase vegetable/ fruit intake | Participants with low vegetable and fruit intake | 5 servings/day39 40 | Servings of vegetable and fruit per day | – | Month 1 Month 3 | Stage of change Processes Decisional balance Self-efficacy Plan to change | Baseline | Month 1 Month 3 |
| Increase fibre, decrease fat, salt, sugar intake* | Participants with none of the 4 HRBs | Fat <30% of total energy intake Fibre ≥30 g/ day Salt <5 g/ day Sugar <50 g/ day 39 40 43–45 | Fibre intake, Salt intake, Fat intake, Sugar intake | – | Month 1 Month 3 | – | – | – | |
| At-risk alcohol use | Decrease alcohol use | Participants drinking alcohol at-risk | ≤7/14 drinks per week and <4/5 drinks per drinking occasion for women/men41 46 | Drinks per drinking day; Heavy drinking occasions; Risk of own drinking | Baseline Month 1 Month 3 | Month 1 Month 3 | Stage of change Processes Decisional balance Self-efficacy Plan to change | Baseline Month 1 Month 3 | Month 1 Month 3 |
| Tobacco smoking | Quit smoking | Participants currently smoking | Non-smoking | No of cigarettes | Baseline | Month 1 Month 3 | Stage of change Processes Decisional balance Self-efficacy | Baseline | Month 1 Month 3 |
*The behavioural feedback on the intake of fibre, fat, salt and sugar is not only delivered to participants with insufficient vegetable and fruit intake but also to participants with none of the four HRBs (alcohol, smoking, insufficient vegetable and fruit intake, physical inactivity) in addition to the behavioural feedback provided by the module ‘Profile’.
HRBs, health risk behaviours; PAL, proactive automatised lifestyle intervention; TTM, transtheoretical model of intentional behaviour change.