Table 2

Logistic regression results

	Individuals who are only covered by Medicare (N=4089) and individuals who are covered by Medicare and other health insurances (N=4642) in hospital stay				Individuals who are only covered by Medicare (N=3641) and individuals who are covered by Medicare and other health insurances (N=3910) in doctor visit
Have a visit last 2 years (no=0, yes=1)	Medicare only (group 1)		Medicare and other health insurances (group 2)		Medicare only (group 1)		Medicare and other health insurances (group 2)
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Region
New England and Mid Atlantic	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
EN Central and WN Central	0.999	0.784 to 1.272	1.103	0.896 to 1.359	0.606†	0.374 to 0.982	1.072	0.671 to1.713
S Atlantic	1.11	0.879 to 1.402	1.012	0.824 to 1.244	0.619†	0.392 to 0.977	0.893	0.576 to 1.383
ES Central and WS Central	0.921	0.714 to 1.187	0.871	0.7 to 1.084	0.472*	0.299 to 0.746	0.909	0.585 to 1.414
Mountain and Pacific	0.766†	0.594 to 0.987	0.918	0.73 to 1.154	0.618†	0.386 to 0.99	1.316	0.804 to 2.152
Age
<65	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
65–74	0.821	0.637 to 1.058	0.722*	0.586 to 0.889	0.887	0.578 to 1.363	0.884	0.568 to 1.375
75–84	1.046	0.813 to 1.344	0.882	0.713 to 1.091	0.996	0.643 to 1.541	0.967	0.607 to 1.543
>85	1.48*	1.109 to 1.975	1.261‡	0.982 to 1.62	0.77	0.466 to 1.273	0.621‡	0.37 to 1.043
Gender
Male	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Female	0.755*	0.654 to 0.871	1.002	0.879 to 1.143	1.321†	1.042 to 1.676	1.427†	1.084 to 1.88
Race
NH white	Ref		Ref
NH black	0.85‡	0.704 to 1.026	0.961	0.807 to 1.144	0.477*	0.35 to 0.65	0.563*	0.389 to 0.813
Hispanic	0.822	0.647 to 1.044	0.767†	0.603 to 0.976	0.283*	0.204 to 0.394	0.281*	0.189 to 0.418
Other	1.451‡	0.985 to 2.138	1.303	0.911 to 1.862	0.684	0.356 to 1.314	1.086	0.42 to 2.808
Education
Less than high school education	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
High school/GED	1.079	0.888 to 1.312	1.156	0.958 to 1.396	2.142*	1.627 to 2.821	1.955*	1.403 to 2.724
Undergraduate	1.167	0.917 to 1.485	1.123	0.892 to 1.414	3.147*	2.082 to 4.755	2.712*	1.677 to 4.384
Graduate	0.87	0.631 to 1.199	0.912	0.687 to 1.21	2.875*	1.639 to 5.042	5.095*	2.25 to 11.535
Chronic disease
No chronic disease	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Only one chronic disease	1.813*	1.158 to 2.839	1.659†	1.098 to 2.506	2.438*	1.558 to 3.815	2.925*	1.72 to 4.974
More than one chronic disease	3.579*	2.369 to 5.406	3.832*	2.618 to 5.609	3.891*	2.606 to 5.81	3.845*	2.433 to 6.078
Employment status
Full-time	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Part-time	1.025	0.668 to 1.573	1.046	0.721 to 1.518	1.008	0.529 to 1.923	1.647	0.784 to 3.458
Unemployed	1.112	0.676 to 1.83	1.963*	1.316 to 2.929	0.805	0.384 to 1.69	2.004	0.874 to 4.599
Retired	1.22	0.835 to 1.781	1.609*	1.181 to 2.192	0.989	0.561 to 1.744	1.531	0.828 to 2.832
Household income
Lower income	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Middle income	0.618†	0.447 to 0.854	0.854	0.663 to 1.1	0.657‡	0.412 to 1.047	2.44†	1.054 to 5.648
Upper income	0.949	0.702 to 1.283	0.963	0.738 to 1.255	0.925	0.542 to 1.578	1.157	0.602 to 2.223

We show ORs and 95% CI here. Counts do not sum to 4098 or 4651 due to missing values for some of the independent variables.
*Significant at 1% level (two-tailed test).
†Significant at 5% level (two-tailed test).
‡Significant at 10% level (two-tailed test).
EN, East North; ES, East South; GED, General Educational Development; NH, non-Hispanic; S, South; WN, West North; WS, West South.