Characteristics of maternal syphilis cases reported in Florida in 2013–2014 compared with 2018–2019
| 2013–2014 | 2018–2019 | |||||||
| Characteristics | CS (%) | Non-CS (%) | Total | CS (%) | Non-CS (%) | Total | χ2* | P value* |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||
| White non-Hispanic | 19 (23) | 50 (16) | 69 (17) | 56 (22) | 102 (19) | 158 (20) | 1.1 | 0.30 |
| Black non-Hispanic | 49 (59) | 179 (56) | 228 (56) | 137 (53) | 308 (56) | 445 (55) | 0.2 | 0.64 |
| Hispanic/Latino | 13 (16) | 69 (21) | 82 (20) | 51 (20) | 98 (18) | 149 (18) | 0.6 | 0.43 |
| Other/unknown | 2 (2) | 23 (7) | 25 (6) | 14 (5) | 43 (8) | 57 (7) | 0.3 | 0.58 |
| US territory/foreign born | ||||||||
| Yes | 22 (27) | 109 (34) | 131 (32) | 63 (24) | 136 (25) | 199 (25) | 8.3 | <0.01 |
| No | 61 (73) | 212 (66) | 273 (68) | 195 (76) | 415 (75) | 610 (75) | 9.1 | <0.01 |
| Age (in years) | ||||||||
| 14–19 | 9 (11) | 25 (8) | 36 (9) | 19 (7) | 67 (12) | 86 (11) | 0.8 | 0.36 |
| 20–24 | 31 (37) | 91 (28) | 122 (30) | 69 (27) | 150 (27) | 219 (27) | 1.3 | 0.25 |
| 25–29 | 19 (23) | 74 (23) | 93 (23) | 82 (32) | 153 (28) | 235 (29) | 5.0 | 0.03 |
| 30–34 | 16 (19) | 77 (24) | 93 (23) | 52 (20) | 113 (21) | 165 (20) | 1.1 | 0.30 |
| 35–39 | 5 (6) | 45 (14) | 50 (12) | 23 (9) | 55 (10) | 78 (10) | 2.1 | 0.14 |
| 40+ | 3 (4) | 7 (2) | 10 (2) | 13 (5) | 13 (2) | 26 (3) | 0.5 | 0.48 |
| Average age | 26.3 | 27.7 | 27.3 | 27.5 | 26.8 | 27.1 | 0.7 | 0.41 |
| Drug use (cocaine/crack/heroin/meth/IDU) | ||||||||
| Yes | 10 (12) | 14 (4) | 24 (6) | 48 (19) | 32 (6) | 80 (10) | 5.4 | 0.02 |
| No | 64 (77) | 280 (87) | 344 (85) | 178 (69) | 468 (85) | 646 (80) | 5.0 | 0.03 |
| Unknown/refused | 9 (11) | 27 (8) | 36 (9) | 32 (12) | 51 (9) | 83 (10) | 0.6 | 0.46 |
| Max titre non-treponemal test | ||||||||
| High (≥1:32) | 39 (47) | 105 (33) | 144 (36) | 120 (47) | 191 (35) | 311 (38) | 0.9 | 0.34 |
| Medium (1:4–1:16) | 25 (30) | 102 (32) | 127 (31) | 96 (37) | 209 (38) | 305 (38) | 4.6 | 0.03 |
| Low (≤1:2) | 19 (23) | 113 (35) | 132 (33) | 42 (16) | 151 (27) | 193 (24) | 10.7 | <0.01 |
| Stage of syphilis diagnosis | ||||||||
| Primary or secondary | 5 (6) | 22 (7) | 27 (7) | 37 (14) | 69 (13) | 106 (13) | 11.4 | <0.01 |
| Early, non-primary non-secondary | 39 (47) | 88 (27) | 127 (31) | 117 (45) | 153 (28) | 270 (33) | 0.5 | 0.50 |
| Unknown or late duration | 39 (47) | 211 (66) | 250 (62) | 104 (40) | 329 (60) | 433 (54) | 7.7 | 0.01 |
| Early syphilis or high-titre unknown late duration | 59 (71) | 143 (45) | 202 (50) | 197 (76) | 303 (55) | 500 (62) | 15.4 | <0.01 |
| Medium-titre or low-titre unknown late duration | 24 (29) | 178 (55) | 202 (50) | 61 (24) | 248 (45) | 309 (38) | 15.4 | <0.01 |
| Total | 83 | 321 | 404 | 258 | 551 | 809 | – | – |
*P value and χ2 value are for the total reported maternal syphilis between the two time periods with the exception of the average age which used the t-test to compare the two means.
CS, congenital syphilis; IDU, injection drug use.