Prevalence of hypertension and distribution of patients with hypertension in different sleep duration groups among 55 687 adults in southwest China
| Variables | Prevalence of hypertension (%) | n (%) | P value | |||||||||
| <6 | 6 | 7 | 8 | ≥9 | <6 | 6 | 7 | 8 | ≥9 | Overall | ||
| Total | 31.81 | 27.38 | 24.07 | 22.06 | 23.20 | 3046 (21.74) | 2461 (17.56) | 2686 (19.17) | 3925 (28.00) | 1896 (13.53) | 14 014 (100) | <0.0001 |
| Gender | ||||||||||||
| Female | 30.82 | 25.66 | 21.58 | 19.47 | 20.09 | 1933 (24.46) | 1353 (17.12) | 1423 (18.01) | 2122 (26.85) | 1072 (13.56) | 7903 (100) | <0.0001 |
| Male | 33.68 | 29.83 | 27.67 | 26.16 | 29.03 | 1113 (18.21) | 1108 (18.13) | 1263 (20.67) | 1803 (29.51) | 824 (13.48) | 6111 (100) | |
| P value | 0.0044 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |||||||
| Age (years) | ||||||||||||
| 30–39 | 7.45 | 7.52 | 8.49 | 7.48 | 7.58 | 45 (6.02) | 75 (10.03) | 153 (20.45) | 310 (41.44) | 165 (22.06) | 748 (100) | <0.0001 |
| 40–49 | 15.38 | 13.18 | 13.85 | 14.39 | 15.60 | 254 (11.74) | 275 (12.71) | 439 (20.29) | 795 (36.73) | 401 (18.53) | 2164 (100) | |
| 50–59 | 30.17 | 27.79 | 27.10 | 28.18 | 32.67 | 1074 (20.62) | 911 (17.49) | 1034 (19.85) | 1483 (28.48) | 706 (13.56) | 5208 (100) | |
| 60–69 | 42.56 | 44.00 | 43.48 | 45.47 | 47.79 | 1181 (26.39) | 902 (20.15) | 853 (19.06) | 1064 (23.77) | 476 (10.63) | 4476 (100) | |
| 70–79 | 49.90 | 51.83 | 50.49 | 52.20 | 54.81 | 492 (34.70) | 298 (21.01) | 207 (14.60) | 273 (19.25) | 148 (10.44) | 1418 (100) | |
| P value | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |||||||
| Tea consumption | ||||||||||||
| Never or almost never | 35.05 | 29.14 | 27.32 | 24.63 | 27.15 | 810 (28.75) | 447 (15.87) | 483 (17.15) | 663 (23.53) | 414 (14.70) | 2817 (100) | <0.0001 |
| Only occasionally | 30.38 | 26.23 | 22.10 | 19.79 | 19.95 | 1465 (23.24) | 1177 (18.67) | 1190 (18.88) | 1721 (27.30) | 751 (11.91) | 6304 (100) | |
| Usually at least once a week | 31.56 | 28.22 | 25.29 | 24.07 | 25.34 | 771 (15.76) | 837 (17.11) | 1013 (20.70) | 1541 (31.49) | 731 (14.94) | 4893 (100) | |
| P value | 0.0117 | 0.9427 | 0.7805 | 0.1173 | 0.9550 | |||||||
| Smoking status | ||||||||||||
| Never | 29.31 | 23.74 | 20.90 | 18.49 | 19.19 | 1435 (22.20) | 1049 (16.23) | 1206 (18.66) | 1849 (28.61) | 924 (14.30) | 6463 (100) | <0.0001 |
| Ex-regular smoker | 39.16 | 38.07 | 34.10 | 34.74 | 37.37 | 327 (23.75) | 257 (18.66) | 268 (19.46) | 346 (25.13) | 179 (13.00) | 1377 (100) | |
| Occasional smoker | 32.96 | 29.87 | 25.45 | 25.79 | 25.78 | 294 (23.77) | 247 (19.97) | 227 (18.35) | 328 (26.51) | 141 (11.40) | 1237 (100) | |
| Smoked daily or almost every day | 33.53 | 29.60 | 26.55 | 25.38 | 27.93 | 990 (20.05) | 908 (18.39) | 985 (19.95) | 1402 (28.40) | 652 (13.21) | 4937 (100) | |
| P value | 0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |||||||
| Alcohol consumption | ||||||||||||
| Never regular drinker | 33.14 | 26.73 | 24.31 | 22.22 | 22.05 | 1190 (24.60) | 782 (16.16) | 869 (17.96) | 1340 (27.70) | 657 (13.58) | 4838 (100) | <0.0001 |
| Ex-regular drinker | 40.60 | 41.24 | 36.90 | 37.70 | 47.67 | 188 (22.68) | 153 (18.46) | 162 (19.54) | 193 (23.28) | 133 (16.04) | 829 (100) | |
| Occasional or seasonal drinker | 27.73 | 23.87 | 19.71 | 17.43 | 17.90 | 984 (21.98) | 825 (18.43) | 875 (19.55) | 1241 (27.73) | 551 (12.31) | 4476 (100) | |
| Usually at least once a week | 34.65 | 31.36 | 28.82 | 27.88 | 30.20 | 684 (17.67) | 701 (18.11) | 780 (20.15) | 1151 (29.73) | 555 (14.34) | 3871 (100) | |
| P value | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |||||||
| Fresh fruit consumption | ||||||||||||
| Daily | 28.13 | 23.41 | 22.97 | 18.49 | 19.61 | 207 (15.13) | 202 (14.77) | 316 (23.10) | 410 (29.97) | 233 (17.03) | 1368 (100) | <0.0001 |
| 4–6 days/week | 26.26 | 26.41 | 21.34 | 19.63 | 20.88 | 188 (15.20) | 215 (17.38) | 242 (19.56) | 379 (30.64) | 213 (17.22) | 1237 (100) | |
| 1–3 days/week | 29.34 | 25.56 | 23.18 | 20.97 | 21.43 | 1082 (19.20) | 951 (16.87) | 1079 (19.14) | 1750 (31.06) | 774 (13.73) | 5636 (100) | |
| Monthly | 34.49 | 29.55 | 24.64 | 24.61 | 25.97 | 1173 (27.15) | 854 (19.76) | 791 (18.31) | 1049 (24.27) | 454 (10.51) | 4321 (100) | |
| Never/rarely | 38.26 | 34.09 | 32.87 | 32.66 | 36.57 | 396 (27.27) | 239 (16.46) | 258 (17.77) | 337 (23.21) | 222 (15.29) | 1452 (100) | |
| P value | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |||||||
| Insomnia | ||||||||||||
| No | 30.70 | 27.66 | 23.59 | 21.77 | 23.06 | 634 (6.41) | 1621 (16.38) | 2248 (22.72) | 3617 (36.56) | 1774 (17.93) | 9894 (100) | <0.0001 |
| Yes | 32.11 | 26.85 | 26.89 | 26.24 | 25.42 | 2412 (58.54) | 840 (20.39) | 438 (10.63) | 308 (7.48) | 122 (2.96) | 4120 (100) | |
| P value | 0.2228 | 0.4132 | 0.0040 | 0.0004 | 0.2347 | |||||||
‘n (%)’ represents the number of hypertension and the percentages. The percentages in the table are row per cent. χ2 tests were conducted to test for differences in percentage for categorical variables.
χ2 tests were conducted to test for differences in prevalence for unordered categorical variables and χ2 tests for trend were used to examine the trends for ordered categorical variables.