Determinants of hospitalisation in the past 12 months stratified by sex—findings of logistic regressions
| Independent variables | Hospitalisation—men | Hospitalisation—women |
| Purpose in life (from 1 to 6, with higher values indicating higher purpose in life) | 1.40* | 1.03 |
| (1.02 to 1.93) | (0.79 to 1.34) | |
| Age | 1.02* | 0.99 |
| (1.00 to 1.05) | (0.97 to 1.00) | |
| Marital status: Married (Ref.: other including single, divorced, widowed) | 0.99 | 0.66+ |
| (0.58 to 1.70) | (0.41 to 1.06) | |
| Employment status: full-time employed | 1.13 | 0.75 |
| (0.54 to 2.37) | (0.38 to 1.46) | |
| Other† | 0.67 | 0.82 |
| (0.24 to 1.90) | (0.45 to 1.51) | |
| Health insurance: private health insurance (Ref.: statutory health insurance) | 0.67 | 1.40 |
| (0.31 to 1.47) | (0.64 to 3.05) | |
| Satisfaction with household income (from 0=completely dissatisfied to 10=completely satisfied) | 0.96 | 0.98 |
| (0.85 to 1.08) | (0.88 to 1.09) | |
| Currently smoking: Yes (Ref.: No) | 1.71+ | 0.62 |
| (0.96 to 3.04) | (0.34 to 1.14) | |
| Alcohol intake:once a month or less often (Ref.: never) | 4.26* | 1.11 |
| (1.32 to 13.77) | (0.63 to 1.97) | |
| 2–4 days per month | 2.46 | 0.64 |
| (0.74 to 8.22) | (0.32 to 1.27) | |
| 2–3 days per week | 4.79* | 1.02 |
| (1.44 to 15.87) | (0.48 to 2.16) | |
| 4–6 days per week | 2.29 | 0.80 |
| (0.61 to 8.58) | (0.22 to 2.90) | |
| Daily | 2.24 | 1.09 |
| (0.58 to 8.72) | (0.33 to 3.64) | |
| Vegetarian/vegan diet: Yes (Ref.: No) | 2.03 | 0.75 |
| (0.66 to 6.29) | (0.35 to 1.60) | |
| Doing sports: less often (Ref.: Never) | 1.21 | 0.87 |
| (0.55 to 2.66) | (0.41 to 1.85) | |
| At least once a month | 1.20 | 0.87 |
| (0.39 to 3.66) | (0.27 to 2.83) | |
| At least once a week | 1.10 | 1.24 |
| (0.61 to 1.98) | (0.73 to 2.11) | |
| Daily | 1.00 | 0.46 |
| (0.37 to 2.74) | (0.18 to 1.18) | |
| Self-rated health (from 1=very good to 5=bad) | 1.59* | 1.43* |
| (1.11 to 2.28) | (1.07 to 1.90) | |
| At least one chronic disease: Yes (Ref.: No) | 1.92* | 1.41 |
| (1.02 to 3.64) | (0.86 to 2.30) | |
| Disability: Yes (Ref.: No) | 2.01* | 1.01 |
| (1.06 to 3.82) | (0.54 to 1.91) | |
| Constant | 0.00*** | 0.18+ |
| (0.00 to 0.01) | (0.03 to 1.25) | |
| Pseudo R² | 0.15 | 0.06 |
| Observations | 588 | 650 |
ORs are reported; 95% CI in parentheses.
*P<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, +p<0.10.
†Including: regular part-time employed; vocational training; marginally employed; near retirement, zero working hours; military service; community service; sheltered workshop.