Attributes of studies included
| Author | Year of publication | Sample size | Study design | Country | Age in year | Gender | Intervention | Baseline diabetes status of the participants | Baseline BMI (kg/m2) |
| Kavumpurathu R Thankappan et al33 | 2018 | Total - 1007 Intervention - 500 Control - 507 | Cluster RCT | India | 30–60 | M and F | Peer-support lifestyle intervention | Non-diabetic | Not measured |
| Xia Dai et al34 | 2019 | Total - 172 AT - 34 RT - 31 AT+RT - 37 Control - 35 | RCT | China | 55–75 | M and F |
| Pre-diabetic | Not measured |
| Arpana Gaddam et al35 | 2015 | Total Sample - 140 Intervention - 74 Control - 66 | Parallel RCT, Single blind | India | 30–70 | M and F | Fenugreek powder, 5 g with 200 mL water two times a day before meals and physical activity+diet | IFG or IGT | Control: 25.95±3.04 Intervention: 26.62±2.82 |
| Shaahin Shahbazi et al36 | 2017 | Total - 336 NFD - 112 HMD - 112 Control - 112 | Parallel RCT | Iran | >20 | M and F |
| Pre-diabetic | Presented categorically |
| Zidu Xu et al37 | 2020 | Total - 79 Intervention - 41 Control - 38 | RCT | China | 23–67 | M and F | Mobile-based intervention+behavioural theory | High risk of diabetes | Control: 24.7 (23.4–26.1) Intervention: 25.3 (24.7–26.2) |
AT, aerobic training; BMI, body mass index; F, female; HMD, high-monounsaturated fat diet; IFG, impaired fasting glycaemia ; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance ; M, male; NFD, normal fat diet; RCT, randomised control trial; RT, resistance training.