Categories | Method | Level of evidence (AHCPR) | Publication year | Country of origin | Process routine | Ref. | |
Pilot projects | Established practice | ||||||
Joint discussions, for example, team meetings, round tables, n=21 | Systematic review | Ia | 2018 | USA | X | 18 | |
Systematic review | Ia | 2015 | Netherlands | X | 28 | ||
Mixed-methods study | Ib | 2018 | UK | X* | 30 | ||
Quantitative study | IIa | 2015 | USA | X | 32 | ||
Mixed-methods study | III | 2019 | Canada | X | 43 | ||
Mixed-methods study | III | 2018 | Netherlands | X | 45 | ||
Quantitative study | III | 2016 | USA | X | 38 | ||
Mixed-methods study | III | 2013 | Australia | X | 42 | ||
Quantitative study | IV | 2017 | UK | X | 47 | ||
Qualitative study | n.a. | 2021 | UK | X* | 52 | ||
Qualitative study | n.a. | 2021 | Spain | X | 60 | ||
Qualitative study | n.a. | 2019 | USA | X | 81 | ||
Qualitative study | n.a. | 2018 | UK | X | 65 | ||
Qualitative study | n.a. | 2013 | Canada | X | 71 | ||
Qualitative study | n.a. | 2013 | UK | X | 70 | ||
Qualitative study | n.a. | 2003 | UK | X | 72 | ||
Qualitative study | n.a. | 2000 | USA | X | 74 | ||
Narrative review | n.a. | 2015 | Switzerland | X | 67 | ||
Narrative review | n.a. | 2014 | USA | X | 80 | ||
Narrative review | n.a. | 2014 | USA | X | 82 | ||
Narrative review | n.a. | 2000 | USA | X | 58 | ||
Referral from general practice or interprofessional groups to a social worker, n=11 | Quantitative study | IIa | 2015 | USA | X | 32 | |
Mixed-methods study | III | 2014 | UK | X | 41 | ||
Quantitative study | III | 2007 | Germany | X | 44 | ||
Quantitative study | IV | 2018 | Finland | X | 59 | ||
Qualitative study | n.a. | 2021 | USA | X | 83 | ||
Qualitative study | n.a. | 2021 | UK | X* | 52 | ||
Qualitative study | n.a. | 2017 | UK | X* | 66 | ||
Qualitative study | n.a. | 2010 | USA | X | 54 | ||
Reference book | n.a. | 2013 | Germany | X | X | 69 | |
Narrative review | n.a. | 2014 | USA | X | 80 | ||
Narrative review | n.a. | 2000 | USA | X | 58 | ||
Referral from social worker to general practice or interprofessional groups, n=5 | Mixed-methods study | III | 2021 | USA | X | 34 | |
Quantitative study | III | 2019 | USA | X | 51 | ||
Qualitative study | n.a. | 2020 | Denmark | X | 63 | ||
Qualitative study | n.a. | 2012 | USA | X | 85 | ||
Narrative review | n.a. | 2019 | UK | X | 84 |
*Social prescribing.
AHCPR, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research; n.a., not applicable; Ref, reference.