Bivariate logistic model associations with significant depressive symptoms among a population-based sample of women and men in central Uganda, 2017–2019, N=15 668
| Women (n=9609) | Men (n=6059) | |||
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Health variables | ||||
| Healthcare past 6 months | ||||
| Outpatient only | 3.88 | 3.36 to 4.48 | 3.60 | 2.98 to 4.35 |
| Inpatient | 5.50 | 4.31 to 7.01 | 3.67 | 2.42 to 5.58 |
| None (ref.) | – | – | – | – |
| Ever received mental health services | ||||
| Yes | 0.25 | 0.17 to 0.37 | 0.29 | 0.16 to 0.53 |
| No (ref.) | – | – | – | – |
| HIV test results | ||||
| Known positive | 1.95 | 1.54 to 2.49 | 1.64 | 0.98 to 2.74 |
| Newly diagnosed positive | 1.48 | 0.94 to 2.33 | 1.51 | 0.86 to 2.65 |
| HIV negative (ref.) | – | – | – | – |
| Alcohol misuse (AUDIT-C+) | ||||
| Yes | 1.46 | 1.23 to 1.74 | 1.82 | 1.50 to 2.21 |
| No (ref.) | – | – | – | – |
| Hormonal contraceptive use/pregnancy | ||||
| Uses hormonal contraceptive | 0.77 | 0.66 to 0.89 | – | – |
| Pregnant | 0.89 | 0.71 to 1.13 | – | – |
| Neither (ref.) | – | – | – | – |
| Demographics variables | ||||
| Age | 1.39 | 1.32 to 1.47 | 1.34 | 1.24 to 1.43 |
| Household economic status | 0.96 | 0.92 to 1.00 | 0.97 | 0.92 to 1.02 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married, living together | 1.79 | 1.39 to 2.32 | 1.86 | 1.47 to 2.35 |
| Married, separated | 2.57 | 1.92 to 3.42 | 1.34 | 0.93 to 1.93 |
| Widowed | 3.54 | 2.46 to 5.09 | 3.64 | 1.56 to 8.48 |
| Divorced | 3.27 | 2.47 to 4.34 | 2.33 | 1.73 to 3.14 |
| Never married (ref.) | – | – | – | – |
| Education | ||||
| Greater than secondary | 0.56 | 0.38 to 0.85 | 1.24 | 0.71 to 2.17 |
| Secondary | 0.67 | 0.52 to 0.86 | 1.02 | 0.67 to 1.55 |
| Primary | 0.79 | 0.63 to 0.99 | 1.09 | 0.74 to 1.62 |
| No schooling (ref.) | – | – | – | – |
Bold indicates p<0.05.
AUDIT-C, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Consumption ; CI, Confidence Interval; OR, Odds Ratio.