Table 3

The prevalence of hyperuricaemia* and association of GGT level and hyperuricaemia in the participants among different age groups or gender groups

GGTPrevalenceOR (95% CI)P valueP for trend
Age
 <45 years
  Q146 (3.5) X 2=435.7Reference<0.0001
  Q297 (7.6)P<0.00011.51 (1.04 to 2.21)†0.03
  Q3117 (13.7)2.23 (1.52 to 3.26)<0.0001
  Q4145 (20.0)2.41 (1.63 to 3.58)<0.0001
  Q5256 (33.4)3.32 (2.21 to 5.00)<0.0001
 45–59 years
  Q193 (4.9) X 2=620.6Reference<0.0001
  Q2176 (7.8)P<0.00011.28 (0.97 to 1.68)0.09
  Q3281 (12.3)1.60 (1.23 to 2.09)0.001
  Q5430 (18.3)2.11 (1.62 to 2.74)<0.0001
  Q5678 (28.4)3.06 (2.33 to 4.01)<0.0001
 >59 years
  Q168 (10.1) X 2=219.9Reference<0.0001
  Q2136 (11.4)P<0.00010.96 (0.69 to 1.36)0.81
  Q3230 (17.2)1.35 (0.98 to 1.86)0.07
  Q4303 (21.7)1.54 (1.12 to 2.16)0.008
  Q5417 (31.7)2.42 (1.75 to 3.36)<0.0001
Gender
 Males
  Q138 (11.9) X 2=368.6Reference<0.001
  Q2133 (13.1)P<0.00011.01 (0.67 to 1.53)0.96
  Q3274 (17.8)1.23 (0.83 to 1.82)0.31
  Q4499 (25.0)1.58 (1.08 to 2.34)0.02
  Q5914 (38.4)2.65 (1.79 to 3.91)<0.0001
 Females
  Q1169 (4.7) X 2=451.2Reference<0.0001
  Q2276 (7.5)P<0.00011.24 (1.00 to 1.54)0.05
  Q3354 (12.0)1.72 (1.40 to 2.12)<0.0001
  Q4379 (15.3)2.03 (1.64 to 2.52)<0.0001
  Q5437 (20.9)2.62 (2.09 to 3.28)<0.0001
  • *Hyperuricaemia was defined as serum uric acid above 7.0 mg/dL for males and above 6.0 mg/dL for females.

  • †Fully adjusted model: adjusted for age (as appropriate), sex (as appropriate), BMI, ethnicity, education, smoking status, drinking habit, hypertension, hyperglycaemic, TG, LDL-c, HDL-c, serum creatinine and daytime napping duration, therapy for hypertension or other cardiovascular diseases, ALT, AST.

  • ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglycerides.