Characteristics of public assistance recipients and frequent attendees included in this study
| Character | Category | Overall (N=15 739) N (%) | Frequent attenders (N=435) n | % for N |
| Age | Mean (SD) | 62.0 (16.7) | 66.8 (14.0) | |
| Younger (20–64 year) | 7585 (48.2) | 158 | 2.1 | |
| Older (65 year-) | 8154 (51.8) | 277 | 3.4 | |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 8662 (55.0) | 238 | 2.8 | |
| Male | 7077 (45.0) | 197 | 2.8 | |
| Household number | ||||
| Living alone | 9695 (61.6) | 319 | 3.3 | |
| Two | 3832 (24.3) | 95 | 2.5 | |
| Three | 1078 (6.8) | 14 | 1.3 | |
| Four or more | 699 (4.4) | 7 | 1.0 | |
| Working days per month | ||||
| Zero | 13 649 (86.7) | 408 | 3.0 | |
| 1–10 days | 748 (4.8) | 11 | 1.5 | |
| 11–20 days | 1030 (6.5) | 12 | 1.2 | |
| 21 days or more | 312 (2.0) | 4 | 1.3 | |
| Nationality | ||||
| Japanese | 15 255 (96.9) | 423 | 2.8 | |
| Others | 484 (3.1) | 12 | 2.5 | |
| Individual health statuses | ||||
| Mental disability | 1433 (9.1) | 34 | 2.4 | |
| Intellectual disability | 262 (1.7) | 2 | 0.8 | |
| Physical disability | 1344 (8.5) | 62 | 4.6 | |
| Alcoholism | 138 (0.9) | 7 | 5.1 | |
| Mental diseases | 1392 (8.8) | 28 | 2.0 | |
| Others | 11 170 (71.0) | 302 | 2.7 | |
| Types of households | ||||
| Older | 7332 (46.6) | 252 | 3.4 | |
| Disabled | 1843 (11.7) | 57 | 3.1 | |
| Sick | 2694 (17.1) | 59 | 2.2 | |
| Single parent | 1012 (6.4) | 9 | 0.9 | |
| Others | 2858 (18.2) | 58 | 2.0 | |