Table 3

Poisson and linear fixed effects models* of weekly out-of-home food purchasing and daily fruit and vegetables consumption

Work hoursCommute hoursCombined work and commute hours
IRR95% CIP valueIRR95% CIP valueIRR95% CIP value
Breakfast1.010(1.007 to 1.013)<0.0011.026(1.017 to 1.036)<0.0011.010(1.007 to 1.013)<0.001
Lunch1.005(1.004 to 1.007)<0.0011.014(1.010 to 1.018)<0.0011.006(1.004 to 1.007)<0.001
Dinner1.006(1.005 to 1.007)<0.0011.009(1.005 to 1.013)<0.0011.006(1.004 to 1.007)<0.001
Total food out1.006(1.005 to 1.007)<0.0011.014(1.011 to 1.017)<0.0011.006(1.005 to 1.007)<0.001
Coef. 95% CI P value Coef. 95% CI P value Coef. 95%CI P value
Fruit1×10–5 (−0.001 to 0.001)0.977−0.001(−0.004 to 0.003)0.784−7×10–5 (−0.001 to 0.001)0.899
Vegetables−3×10–4 (−0.002 to 0.001)0.675−0.003(−0.008 to 0.002)0.186−1×10–4 (−0.002 to 0.001)0.802
  • Sample size for each analysis is presented in online supplemental file 2. The estimate of each exposure represents the average change in outcome (i.e., IRR for frequency of out-of-home food purchasing, and number of servings for fruit and vegetables intake) for a one-unit (i.e., 1 hour) within-individual change in exposure.

  • *Models adjusted for age, education, household composition, remoteness, neighbourhood socioeconomic status and work schedule.

  • Coef., coefficient; IRR, incidence rate ratio.