Table 4

Factors associated with binge drinking among female entertainment workers (n=600)

Characteristics	Bivariate logistic regression		Multiple logistic regression*
Characteristics	OR (95% CI)	P value	AOR (95% CI)	P value
Age (years)	1.03 (0.98 to 1.08)	0.19	1.02 (0.97 to 1.07)	0.46
Education level (in years)
High school or above (≥10)	Reference		Reference
Secondary school (7–9)	1.38 (0.78 to 2.44)	0.28	1.19 (0.64 to 2.20)	0.58
Primary school/no schooling (0–6)	1.70 (0.98 to 2.96)	0.06	1.49 (0.82 to 2.71)	0.19
Average monthly income (US$)
≤120	Reference		Reference
121–250	2.06 (1.07 to 3.95)	0.03	1.98 (0.98 to 3.99)	0.06
>250	3.26 (1.64 to 6.49)	0.001	2.96 (1.40 to 6.24)	0.004
Level of psychological distress
Higher (GHQ-12 ≥4)	Reference		Reference
Lower (GHQ-12 ≤3)	1.42 (0.97 to 2.09)	0.07	1.65 (1.09 to 2.49)	0.02
Frequency of forced drinking in the past 3 months
Never	Reference		Reference
1 time per month	1.57 (0.95 to 2.59)	0.08	1.64 (0.96 to 2.78)	0.07
>1 time per month	5.68 (2.24 to 14.41)	<0.001	5.66 (2.19 to 14.65)	<0.001
Type of venue best describes the current job in the entertainment
Restaurant/Café	Reference		Reference
Karaoke bar	2.04 (1.34 to 3.08)	0.001	1.85 (1.19 to 2.88)	0.006
Beer garden/Massage parlour/Freelance	1.23 (0.65 to 2.35)	0.52	0.92 (0.46 to 1.85)	0.82
Experience emotional abuse in the past 6 months
No	Reference		Reference
Yes	2.57 (1.19 to 5.51)	0.02	2.71 (1.22 to 6.02)	0.01

*Adjusted for variables significantly associated with binge drinking at the p value ≤0.20 in the bivariate logistic regression analyses and those that remained statistically significant in five multiple logistic regression models using the backward elimination method.
†Psychological distress was assessed using the GHQ-12. The GHQ-12 score of ≥4 was used to define ‘high psychological distress’.
AOR, adjusted OR; GHQ-12, 12-item General Health Questionnaire.