Comparison of sociodemographic characteristics, GBV and psychological distress among binge drinkers and non-binge drinkers
| Characteristics | Total n=600 | Binge drinking* | ||
| Yes (n=460) | No (n=140) | P value† | ||
| Type of venue best describes the current job in the entertainment | 0.002 | |||
| Restaurant/Café | 173 (28.8) | 118 (25.7) | 55 (39.3) | |
| Karaoke bar | 365 (60.8) | 297 (64.6) | 68 (48.6) | |
| Beer garden/massage parlour/freelance | 62 (10.3) | 45 (9.8) | 17 (12.1) | |
| Age group in years (mean±SD) | 24.8±4.0 | 24.9±4.0 | 24.4±4.1 | 0.19 |
| 18–24 | 280 (46.7) | 214 (46.5) | 66 (47.1) | 0.52 |
| 25–29 | 239 (39.8) | 180 (39.1) | 59 (42.1) | |
| 30–35 | 81 (13.5) | 66 (14.4) | 15 (10.7) | |
| Education level (in year) | 0.15 | |||
| Primary school/no schooling (0–6) | 309 (51.5) | 245 (53.3) | 64 (45.7) | |
| Secondary school (7–9) | 213 (35.5) | 161 (35.0) | 52 (37.1) | |
| High school or above (≥10) | 78 (13.0) | 54 (11.7) | 24 (17.1) | |
| Current marital status | 0.80 | |||
| Never married | 243 (40.5) | 183 (39.8) | 60 (42.9) | |
| Currently married | 180 (30.0) | 139 (30.2) | 41 (29.3) | |
| Widowed/Divorced | 177 (29.5) | 138 (30.0) | 39 (27.9) | |
| Level of monthly income (US$) | 0.002 | |||
| ≤120 | 44 (7.3) | 26 (5.7) | 18 (12.9) | |
| 121–250 | 322 (53.7) | 241 (52.4) | 81 (57.9) | |
| >250 | 234 (39.0) | 193 (42.0) | 41 (29.3) | |
| Born in rural area | 435 (72.5) | 336 (73.0) | 99 (70.7) | 0.59 |
| Current type of house | 0.56 | |||
| Their own/Family house | 77 (12.8) | 55 (12.0) | 22 (15.7) | |
| Rental house on their own | 161 (26.8) | 126 (27.4) | 35 (25.0) | |
| Rental house with family | 150 (25.0) | 112 (24.4) | 38 (27.1) | |
| Rental house with friends | 55 (9.2) | 41 (8.9) | 14 (10.0) | |
| Dormitory at their workplace | 157 (26.2) | 126 (27.4) | 31 (22.1) | |
| Number of children | 0.36 | |||
| 0 | 305 (50.8) | 229 (49.8) | 76 (54.3) | |
| 1 | 188 (31.3) | 151 (32.8) | 37 (26.4) | |
| ≥2 | 107 (17.8) | 80 (17.4) | 27 (19.3) | |
| Duration of work as entertainment workers | 0.62 | |||
| <1 year | 226 (37.7) | 171 (37.2) | 55 (39.3) | |
| 1–2 years | 196 (32.7) | 155 (33.7) | 41 (29.3) | |
| >2 years | 178 (29.7) | 134 (29.1) | 44 (31.4) | |
| GBV experiences in the past 6 months | 0.047 | |||
| Emotional abuse | 70 (11.7) | 62 (13.5) | 8 (5.7) | |
| Forced substance use | 34 (5.7) | 25 (5.4) | 9 (6.4) | |
| Physical abuse | 28 (4.7) | 24 (5.2) | 4 (2.9) | |
| Forced sex | 4 (0.7) | 4 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
| High psychological distress (≥4)‡ | 235 (39.2) | 171 (37.2) | 64 (45.7) | 0.007 |
Values are numbers (%) for categorical variables and mean (SD) for continuous variables.
*Binge drinking was defined as drinking more than five units of alcoholic drinks in 24 hours on at least one occasion in the past 3 months.
†χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test (when sample sizes were smaller than five in one cell) was used for categorical variables, and Student’s t-test was used for continuous variables.
‡Psychological distress was assessed using the GHQ-12. The GHQ-12 score of ≥4 was used to define ‘high psychological distress’.
GBV, gender-based violence; GHQ-12, 12-item General Health Questionnaire.