Logistic regression analysis (univariate and multivariable analysis) for patients on first-line ART regimens
| Variable | VL suppression | LTFU | ||||||
| OR (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted OR (aOR) (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | aOR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Current age (years) | ||||||||
| <25 | 1 | – | 1 | – | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| 25–34 | 1.54 (1.40 to 1.71) | <0.001 | 1.89 (1.64 to 2.17) | <0.001 | 0.97 (0.92 to 1.01) | 0.196 | 0.80 (0.75 to 0.86) | <0.001 |
| 35–49 | 2.25 (2.05 to 2.48) | <0.001 | 3.00 (2.61 to 3.44) | <0.001 | 0.71 (0.67 to 0.74) | <0.001 | 0.46 (0.43 to 0.49) | <0.001 |
| 50+ | 3.43 (3.05 to 3.87) | <0.001 | 4.50 (3.83 to 5.29) | <0.001 | 0.63 (0.59 to 0.66) | <0.001 | 0.40 (0.37 to 0.43) | <0.001 |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Female | 1 | – | 1 | – | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| Male | 0.91 (0.87 to 0.96) | 0.001 | 1.06 (0.99 to 1.12) | 0.082 | 1.01 (0.98 to 1.04) | 0.478 | 1.03 (1.00 to 1.06) | 0.061 |
| Most recent CD4 cell count | ||||||||
| ≤100 cells/µL | 1 | – | 1 | – | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| 101–200 cells/µL | 1.88 (1.73 to 2.04) | <0.001 | 1.85 (1.70 to 2.02) | <0.001 | 0.81 (0.77 to 0.85) | <0.001 | 0.79 (0.75 to 0.84) | <0.001 |
| 201–350 cells/µL | 3.68 (3.39 to 3.98) | <0.001 | 3.70 (3.41 to 4.01) | <0.001 | 0.67 (0.64 to 0.70) | <0.001 | 0.62 (0.60 to 0.65) | <0.001 |
| 351–500 cells/µL | 5.81 (5.30 to 6.38) | <0.001 | 6.13 (5.58 to 6.74) | <0.001 | 0.54 (0.51 to 0.57) | <0.001 | 0.51 (0.49 to 0.54) | <0.001 |
| >500 cells/µL | 10.33 (9.36 to 11.40) | <0.001 | 11.96 (10.80 to 13.24) | <0.001 | 0.46 (0.44 to 0.49) | <0.001 | 0.43 (0.41 to 0.45) | <0.001 |
| Years of ART initiation | ||||||||
| 2004–2010 (≤200 cells/µL period) | 1 | – | 1 | – | 1 | 1 | – | |
| 2011–2014 (≤350 cells/µL period) | 0.93 (0.86 to 1.00) | 0.053 | 1.24 (1.14 to 1.35) | <0.001 | 1.13 (1.09 to 1.17) | <0.001 | 1.14 (1.09 to 1.19) | <0.001 |
| 2015 (≤500 cells/µL period) | 0.94 (0.84 to 1.05) | 0.257 | 1.38 (1.22 to 1.56) | <0.001 | 1.01 (0.96 to 1.06) | 0.645 | 0.97 (0.92 to 1.03) | 0.304 |
| 2016–2020 (universal test and treat period) | 0.61 (0.57 to 0.65) | <0.001 | 0.93 (0.85 to 1.01) | 0.098 | 0.76 (0.74 to 0.79) | <0.001 | 0.63 (0.60 to 0.65) | <0.001 |
| Level of care | ||||||||
| Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| CHC | 1.99 (1.85 to 2.14) | <0.001 | 2.67 (2.46 to 2.90) | <0.001 | 1.30 (1.25 to 1.35) | <0.001 | 1.47 (1.40 to 1.54) | <0.001 |
| PHC | 1.13 (1.05 to 1.21) | 0.001 | 1.43 (1.32 to 1.55) | <0.001 | 1.22 (1.18 to 1.26) | <0.001 | 1.56 (1.49 to 1.64) | <0.001 |
Bold p values denote statistical significance at the p≤0.05 level.
ART, antiretroviral therapy; CHC, community health centre; LTFU, lost to follow-up; PHC, primary healthcare clinic; VL, viral load.