Poor CVH | CKD | NAFLD | Advanced liver fibrosis | All-cause mortality | CVD-related mortality | Cancer-related mortality | |||||||||
Crude OR (95% CI) | Adj. OR (95% CI) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adj. OR (95% CI) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adj. OR (95% CI) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adj. OR (95% CI) | Crude HR (95% CI) | Adj. HR (95% CI) | Crude HR (95% CI) | Adj. HR (95% CI) | Crude HR (95% CI) | Adj. HR (95% CI) | ||
Total† | MARD vs cluster A* | 0.76 (0.61 to 0.94) | 0.71 (0.56 to 0.89) | 1.16 (0.94 to 1.43) | 1.14 (0.92 to 1.41) | 0.99 (0.77 to 1.26) | 0.99 (0.77 to 1.27) | 0.92 (0.75 to 1.13) | 0.9 (0.73 to 1.12) | 1.1 (0.94 to 1.3) | 1.09 (0.93 to 1.28) | 1.13 (0.81 to 1.59) | 1.12 (0.8 to 1.58) | 0.95 (0.62 to 1.47) | 0.96 (0.63 to 1.47) |
MOD vs cluster B | 1.01 (0.78 to 1.31) | 1.09 (0.8 to 1.49) | 0.86 (0.58 to 1.28) | 0.89 (0.57 to 1.4) | 0.86 (0.63 to 1.17) | 0.85 (0.61 to 1.17) | 0.86 (0.65 to 1.14) | 0.92 (0.69 to 1.24) | 0.85 (0.59 to 1.23) | 0.91 (0.63 to 1.32) | 0.69 (0.33 to 1.46) | 0.69 (0.32 to 1.46) | 0.7 (0.28 to 1.78) | 0.76 (0.3 to 1.95) | |
SIDD vs cluster C | 0.98 (0.71 to 1.37) | 1.00 (0.68 to 1.47) | 0.98 (0.53 to 1.81) | 0.96 (0.5 to 1.82) | 0.94 (0.61 to 1.46) | 0.94 (0.61 to 1.46) | 1.05 (0.63 to 1.76) | 1.07 (0.63 to 1.82) | 1.02 (0.69 to 1.52) | 0.98 (0.66 to 1.45) | 1.21 (0.63 to 2.33) | 1.13 (0.58 to 2.17) | 0.92 (0.4 to 2.12) | 0.92 (0.4 to 2.12) | |
SIRD vs cluster D | 1.07 (0.75 to 1.52) | 1.03 (0.69 to 1.53) | 0.66 (0.44 to 0.99) | 0.69 (0.45 to 1.08) | 0.96 (0.64 to 1.44) | 0.97 (0.64 to 1.48) | 1.03 (0.72 to 1.48) | 1.08 (0.74 to 1.57) | 0.72 (0.53 to 0.99) | 0.76 (0.55 to 1.05) | 0.67 (0.35 to 1.29) | 0.72 (0.37 to 1.4) | 1.1 (0.52 to 2.35) | 1.03 (0.48 to 2.2) | |
Male‡ | MARD vs cluster A | 0.81 (0.6 to 1.1) | 0.81 (0.58 to 1.12) | 1.21 (0.91 to 1.61) | 1.18 (0.88 to 1.59) | 1.05 (0.78 to 1.42) | 1.07 (0.79 to 1.45) | 1.02 (0.78 to 1.35) | 1.00 (0.74 to 1.33) | 1.2 (0.97 to 1.49) | 1.19 (0.96 to 1.48) | 1.21 (0.73 to 1.99) | 1.2 (0.73 to 1.98) | 1.08 (0.64 to 1.82) | 1.08 (0.64 to 1.83) |
MOD vs cluster B | 1.08 (0.73 to 1.61) | 1.23 (0.77 to 1.99) | 0.86 (0.46 to 1.6) | 0.73 (0.36 to 1.46) | 0.93 (0.6 to 1.42) | 0.92 (0.58 to 1.44) | 1.01 (0.66 to 1.53) | 1.03 (0.66 to 1.6) | 0.94 (0.58 to 1.51) | 0.88 (0.55 to 1.42) | 1.07 (0.51 to 2.26) | 1 (0.47 to 2.12) | 0.7 (0.23 to 2.09) | 0.69 (0.23 to 2.09) | |
SIDD vs cluster C | 0.91 (0.58 to 1.43) | 0.77 (0.45 to 1.34) | 1.38 (0.61 to 3.14) | 1.3 (0.55 to 3.04) | 0.91 (0.52 to 1.6) | 0.87 (0.49 to 1.54) | 1.06 (0.49 to 2.31) | 1.02 (0.45 to 2.33) | 1.2 (0.74 to 1.96) | 1.15 (0.7 to 1.88) | 1.04 (0.48 to 2.29) | 0.97 (0.44 to 2.13) | 1.74 (0.49 to 6.19) | 1.68 (0.47 to 6) | |
SIRD vs cluster D | 0.89 (0.54 to 1.47) | 0.87 (0.5 to 1.54) | 0.61 (0.32 to 1.16) | 0.71 (0.36 to 1.41) | 0.69 (0.41 to 1.16) | 0.7 (0.41 to 1.19) | 1.02 (0.59 to 1.77) | 1.14 (0.62 to 2.07) | 0.53 (0.34 to 0.81) | 0.51 (0.32 to 0.79) | 0.57 (0.24 to 1.37) | 0.62 (0.25 to 1.52) | 0.78 (0.27 to 2.22) | 0.62 (0.21 to 1.81) | |
Female‡ | MARD vs cluster A | 0.71 (0.53 to 0.96) | 0.69 (0.5 to 0.95) | 1.18 (0.87 to 1.6) | 1.15 (0.84 to 1.57) | 1.06 (0.68 to 1.65) | 1.08 (0.69 to 1.69) | 0.88 (0.65 to 1.21) | 0.86 (0.62 to 1.18) | 1.11 (0.87 to 1.41) | 1.11 (0.87 to 1.41) | 1.19 (0.75 to 1.88) | 1.2 (0.76 to 1.89) | 0.88 (0.42 to 1.84) | 0.9 (0.43 to 1.88) |
MOD vs cluster B | 0.93 (0.66 to 1.32) | 0.96 (0.63 to 1.46) | 0.68 (0.4 to 1.15) | 0.74 (0.42 to 1.3) | 0.83 (0.53 to 1.3) | 0.81 (0.52 to 1.29) | 0.82 (0.56 to 1.19) | 0.86 (0.58 to 1.26) | 0.91 (0.52 to 1.59) | 1.06 (0.6 to 1.86) | 0.28 (0.03 to 2.48) | 0.36 (0.04 to 3.39) | 0.93 (0.29 to 3.06) | 1.03 (0.31 to 3.44) | |
SIDD vs cluster C | 1.00 (0.60 to 1.65) | 1.00 (0.56 to 1.76) | 0.86 (0.36 to 2.05) | 0.81 (0.31 to 2.11) | 1.02 (0.5 to 2.08) | 1.02 (0.5 to 2.09) | 0.98 (0.5 to 1.92) | 1.04 (0.51 to 2.09) | 1.21 (0.63 to 2.3) | 1.13 (0.59 to 2.17) | 1.54 (0.34 to 6.86) | 1.32 (0.29 to 5.93) | 0.94 (0.29 to 3.07) | 0.92 (0.28 to 3.05) | |
SIRD vs cluster D | 1.55 (0.93 to 2.58) | 1.59 (0.89 to 2.82) | 0.69 (0.4 to 1.21) | 0.82 (0.44 to 1.54) | 1.03 (0.51 to 2.07) | 1.05 (0.52 to 2.14) | 1.07 (0.64 to 1.81) | 1.14 (0.66 to 1.96) | 0.6 (0.37 to 0.97) | 0.6 (0.36 to 0.99) | 0.57 (0.21 to 1.57) | 0.64 (0.21 to 1.88) | 1.23 (0.34 to 4.47) | 1.07 (0.29 to 3.99) | |
Newly diagnosed§ | MARD vs cluster A | 1.01 (0.67 to 1.5) | 1.08 (0.7 to 1.65) | 1.35 (0.89 to 2.04) | 1.36 (0.89 to 2.09) | 1.03 (0.68 to 1.56) | 1.00 (0.65 to 1.54) | 1.22 (0.81 to 1.83) | 1.21 (0.8 to 1.84) | 1.32 (0.99 to 1.77) | 1.34 (1 to 1.79) | 1.27 (0.74 to 2.19) | 1.31 (0.76 to 2.27) | 1.3 (0.64 to 2.64) | 1.39 (0.68 to 2.84) |
MOD vs cluster B | 1.03 (0.64 to 1.65) | 1.25 (0.73 to 2.14) | 0.65 (0.25 to 1.68) | 0.62 (0.23 to 1.63) | 0.91 (0.53 to 1.57) | 0.95 (0.53 to 1.71) | 1.15 (0.7 to 1.89) | 1.21 (0.72 to 2.02) | 0.97 (0.52 to 1.8) | 1.1 (0.59 to 2.04) | 1.59 (0.49 to 5.22) | 1.85 (0.54 to 6.37) | 0.96 (0.26 to 3.58) | 1 (0.27 to 3.72) | |
SIDD vs cluster C | 1.08 (0.55 to 2.14) | 0.98 (0.42 to 2.29) | 1.1 (0.3 to 3.97) | 1.07 (0.17 to 6.59) | 0.95 (0.43 to 2.09) | 0.94 (0.42 to 2.1) | 0.98 (0.37 to 2.58) | 0.93 (0.34 to 2.57) | 1.21 (0.51 to 2.85) | 1.16 (0.49 to 2.75) | 1.11 (0.28 to 4.44) | 1.05 (0.26 to 4.21) | 1.09 (0.15 to 7.72) | 1 (0.14 to 7.1) | |
SIRD vs cluster D | 0.45 (0.18 to 1.08) | 0.26 (0.09 to 0.74) | 1.6 (0.19 to 13.62) | 2.46 (0.25 to 23.99) | 1.4 (0.48 to 4.06) | 1.6 (0.5 to 5.15) | 1.13 (0.3 to 4.26) | 1.22 (0.28 to 5.22) | 0.4 (0.16 to 1.01) | 0.24 (0.08 to 0.66) | -¶ | -¶ | 0.33 (0.06 to 1.99) | 0.26 (0.04 to 1.8) | |
Already diagnosed† | MARD vs cluster A | 0.8 (0.63 to 1.02) | 0.78 (0.6 to 1) | 1.01 (0.8 to 1.29) | 1.02 (0.8 to 1.31) | 1.15 (0.86 to 1.54) | 1.14 (0.84 to 1.55) | 0.88 (0.7 to 1.1) | 0.88 (0.69 to 1.11) | 1.01 (0.84 to 1.23) | 1.02 (0.84 to 1.23) | 1.05 (0.69 to 1.6) | 1.06 (0.69 to 1.62) | 0.94 (0.57 to 1.56) | 0.94 (0.57 to 1.56) |
MOD vs cluster B | 0.93 (0.69 to 1.25) | 0.96 (0.67 to 1.36) | 0.73 (0.49 to 1.1) | 0.81 (0.52 to 1.27) | 0.78 (0.55 to 1.1) | 0.77 (0.54 to 1.11) | 0.85 (0.62 to 1.18) | 0.95 (0.67 to 1.33) | 0.96 (0.64 to 1.42) | 1.08 (0.72 to 1.62) | 0.61 (0.25 to 1.47) | 0.6 (0.25 to 1.47) | 0.71 (0.29 to 1.76) | 0.89 (0.35 to 2.25) | |
SIDD vs cluster C | 0.93 (0.65 to 1.34) | 0.95 (0.62 to 1.46) | 0.96 (0.45 to 2.04) | 0.96 (0.44 to 2.09) | 0.82 (0.49 to 1.36) | 0.83 (0.5 to 1.38) | 1 (0.55 to 1.82) | 1.05 (0.57 to 1.95) | 0.89 (0.58 to 1.36) | 0.85 (0.55 to 1.3) | 0.96 (0.45 to 2.05) | 0.85 (0.4 to 1.82) | 1.05 (0.38 to 2.9) | 1.07 (0.39 to 2.96) | |
SIRD vs cluster D | 1.51 (0.95 to 2.4) | 1.76 (1.04 to 2.97) | 0.91 (0.56 to 1.49) | 0.91 (0.53 to 1.54) | 1.03 (0.59 to 1.8) | 0.98 (0.55 to 1.74) | 1.13 (0.71 to 1.8) | 1.09 (0.66 to 1.79) | 0.94 (0.64 to 1.39) | 0.92 (0.62 to 1.37) | 1.05 (0.52 to 2.13) | 1.08 (0.53 to 2.19) | 1.68 (0.55 to 5.19) | 1.52 (0.49 to 4.72) |
*All comparisons take MARD, MOD, SIDD and SIRD as reference subgroups.
†Adjust for sex, race, ever smoking, education level, total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure and duration of diabetes.
‡Adjust for race, ever smoking, education level, total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure and duration of diabetes.
§Adjust for sex, race, ever smoking, education level, total cholesterol and systolic blood pressure.
¶Since there is too little cardiovascular mortality in SIRD and cluster D, there is no calculation result.
CKD, chronic kidney disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; CVH, cardiovascular health; MARD, mild age-related diabetes; MOD, mild obesity-related diabetes; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; SIDD, severe insulin-deficient diabetes; SIRD, severe insulin-resistant diabetes.