Table 2

ORs from logistic regression models testing the association of active statin prescription at enrolment with adverse 30-day outcomes among VHA veterans with and without a positive respiratory swab for SARS-CoV-2, including adjustment for prior statin use

	No positive swab, n=4 568 689						≥1 positive swab, n=2 31 017
	Hospital admission		ICU admission		Death		Hospital admission		ICU admission		Death
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Active statin prescription at enrolment	0.79	0.77 to 0.80	0.86	0.81 to 0.90	0.60	0.58 to 0.62	0.98	0.95 to 1.01	0.94	0.88 to 1.01	0.81	0.77 to 0.85
Statin prescription 6 months prior to enrolment	0.91	0.89 to 0.93	0.88	0.83 to 0.93	0.93	0.9 to 0.97	0.93	0.9 to 0.96	0.97	0.91 to 1.04	0.94	0.89 to 0.99
Sex at birth, female	0.73	0.71 to 0.75	0.73	0.67 to 0.8	0.63	0.58 to 0.69	0.75	0.71 to 0.79	0.74	0.65 to 0.84	0.56	0.50 to 0.64
Age category, years
19–39	1.16	1.12 to 1.19	0.61	0.54 to 0.69	0.26	0.22 to 0.30	0.61	0.57 to 0.65	0.6	0.51 to 0.71	0.15	0.11 to 0.21
40–49	0.97	0.94 to 1.01	0.81	0.73 to 0.91	0.46	0.40 to 0.54	0.75	0.70 to 0.80	0.68	0.59 to 0.79	0.38	0.30 to 0.48
50–59	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref
60–69	1.01	0.99 to 1.03	1.16	1.08 to 1.25	1.95	1.81 to 2.10	1.29	1.23 to 1.34	1.32	1.21 to 1.46	2.86	2.55 to 3.20
70–79	0.81	0.79 to 0.83	1.00	0.92 to 1.08	2.6	2.41 to 2.79	1.43	1.37 to 1.49	1.49	1.36 to 1.64	5.93	5.32 to 6.61
≥80	0.96	0.93 to 0.99	0.95	0.87 to 1.04	5.06	4.68 to 5.46	1.81	1.71 to 1.91	1.62	1.45 to 1.82	13.86	12.37 to 15.53
White (vs not white)	1.21	1.14 to 1.28	1.23	1.02 to 1.49	1.1	0.95 to 1.27	0.88	0.81 to 0.97	0.74	0.61 to 0.91	0.87	0.74 to 1.04
Black vs(not Black)	1.49	1.40 to 1.58	1.53	1.26 to 1.85	1.05	0.90 to 1.22	1.36	1.24 to 1.50	1.10	0.89 to 1.35	0.78	0.66 to 0.94
Hispanic (vs not Hispanic)	1.07	1.04 to 1.10	1.23	1.13 to 1.35	1.07	0.99 to 1.14	1.16	1.10 to 1.22	1.03	0.92 to 1.15	1.13	1.04 to 1.24
Body mass index category, kg/m²
<18.5	1.35	1.29 to 1.42	1.51	1.31 to 1.73	2.48	2.33 to 2.65	1.14	1.01 to 1.29	1.35	1.06 to 1.72	1.81	1.59 to 2.07
18.5–24.9	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref
25–29.9	0.75	0.73 to 0.76	0.70	0.65 to 0.74	0.54	0.52 to 0.56	0.81	0.78 to 0.85	0.89	0.82 to 0.97	0.73	0.68 to 0.79
30–34.9	0.67	0.65 to 0.68	0.62	0.57 to 0.66	0.42	0.40 to 0.44	0.76	0.73 to 0.80	0.88	0.81 to 0.96	0.69	0.64 to 0.74
35–39.9	0.63	0.61 to 0.65	0.57	0.52 to 0.62	0.37	0.35 to 0.40	0.76	0.72 to 0.80	0.85	0.76 to 0.94	0.64	0.59 to 0.70
≥40	0.65	0.63 to 0.67	0.59	0.53 to 0.65	0.43	0.39 to 0.46	0.87	0.82 to 0.93	1.03	0.91 to 1.16	0.80	0.72 to 0.88
Tobacco use
Never	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref
Former	1.25	1.23 to 1.28	1.12	1.06 to 1.19	1.09	1.04 to 1.13	1.11	1.08 to 1.15	1.10	1.02 to 1.17	1.18	1.12 to 1.24
Current	2.02	1.98 to 2.06	1.76	1.66 to 1.87	1.67	1.60 to 1.74	1.39	1.35 to 1.44	1.29	1.20 to 1.39	1.24	1.17 to 1.32
Urban/rural/highly rural residence
Highly rural	0.68	0.64 to 0.73	0.98	0.82 to 1.18	0.92	0.81 to 1.05	0.58	0.50 to 0.66	0.74	0.54 to 1.00	1.16	0.98 to 1.38
Rural	0.74	0.73 to 0.75	0.74	0.70 to 0.78	0.89	0.87 to 0.92	0.70	0.68 to 0.72	0.88	0.82 to 0.93	1.03	0.99 to 1.08
Urban	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref
Unknown	0.25	0.18 to 0.35	0.35	0.13 to 0.94	0.80	0.51 to 1.25	0.27	0.10 to 0.75	0.55	0.08 to 3.99	1.77	0.73 to 4.30
Diabetes	1.18	1.16 to 1.20	1.26	1.21 to 1.32	1.41	1.36 to 1.45	1.30	1.27 to 1.34	1.26	1.19 to 1.34	1.37	1.31 to 1.43
Hypertension	1.22	1.19 to 1.24	1.30	1.22 to 1.39	1.09	1.04 to 1.14	1.30	1.25 to 1.35	1.29	1.19 to 1.41	0.96	0.90 to 1.02
Cardiovascular disease	2.04	2.01 to 2.08	2.69	2.55 to 2.84	1.88	1.81 to 1.95	1.84	1.79 to 1.90	2.08	1.95 to 2.23	1.24	1.18 to 1.30
Heart failure	2.13	2.09 to 2.16	2.34	2.22 to 2.46	2.51	2.42 to 2.59	1.64	1.59 to 1.70	1.53	1.43 to 1.63	1.31	1.25 to 1.38
Alcohol use disorder	1.12	1.10 to 1.14	1.03	0.97 to 1.09	0.78	0.75 to 0.82	0.75	0.72 to 0.78	0.86	0.79 to 0.93	0.68	0.64 to 0.73
Estimated glomerular filtration rate, mL/min/1.73 m²
≥90	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref
60–89	0.80	0.79 to 0.82	0.80	0.76 to 0.85	0.60	0.57 to 0.62	0.90	0.87 to 0.93	0.96	0.88 to 1.04	1.10	1.02 to 1.18
45–59	0.84	0.81 to 0.86	0.84	0.78 to 0.91	0.71	0.67 to 0.74	0.99	0.94 to 1.03	1.00	0.91 to 1.10	1.44	1.33 to 1.56
30–44	0.93	0.90 to 0.96	0.92	0.84 to 1.01	0.99	0.93 to 1.05	1.10	1.04 to 1.16	1.14	1.02 to 1.29	1.83	1.68 to 1.99
15–29	1.15	1.10 to 1.20	1.14	1.01 to 1.29	2.07	1.94 to 2.21	1.31	1.21 to 1.42	1.32	1.14 to 1.53	2.65	2.36 to 2.97
<15 or dialysis	1.60	1.52 to 1.69	1.77	1.56 to 2.00	3.07	2.85 to 3.32	1.46	1.33 to 1.60	1.51	1.29 to 1.77	2.48	2.16 to 2.85

Models additionally adjusted for index month and geographic location by Veterans Integrated Service Network location.