Demographic, household and pregnancy characteristics of women enrolled in ZamCAT
| Intended to deliver at health facility and did | Intended to deliver at home and did | Intended to deliver at health facility but delivered at home | Intended to deliver at home but delivered at a health facility | |
| Characteristics | n=22 651 | n=1515 | n=11 016 | n=755 |
| Maternal age (years), n (%) | ||||
| <20 | 5919 (26.1) | 185 (12.2) | 2115 (19.2) | 215 (28.5) |
| 20–35 | 14 473 (63.9) | 1114 (73.5) | 7626 (69.2) | 442 (58.5) |
| >35 | 2259 (10.0) | 216 (14.3) | 1275 (11.6) | 98 (13.0) |
| Missing | ||||
| Tribe, n (%) | ||||
| Tonga | 19 295 (85.2) | 1431 (94.5) | 10 257 (93.1) | 670 (88.7) |
| Ila | 142 (0.6) | 7 (0.5) | 53 (0.5) | 4 (0.5) |
| Lozi | 1175 (5.2) | 20 (1.3) | 238 (2.2) | 28 (3.7) |
| Nyanja | 687 (3.0) | 18 (1.2) | 147 (1.3) | 13 (1.7) |
| Bemba | 568 (2.5) | 23 (1.5) | 135 (1.2) | 24 (3.2) |
| Other | 781 (3.4) | 15 (1.0) | 183 (1.7) | 12 (1.6) |
| Missing | 3 (0.08) | 1 (0.1) | 3 (0.03) | 4 (0.5) |
| Women’s education level, n (%) | ||||
| No education | 1681 (7.4) | 265 (17.5) | 1442 (13.1) | 95 (12.6) |
| Some primary education | 10 779 (47.6) | 1001 (66.1) | 6487 (58.9) | 366 (48.5) |
| Some secondary education | 9884 (43.6) | 246 (16.2) | 3067 (27.8) | 290 (38.4) |
| Higher than secondary education | 288 (1.3) | 2 (0.13) | 14 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) |
| Unknown or missing | 19 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 6 (0.06) | 4 (0.5) |
| Maternal literacy, n (%) | ||||
| Illiterate | 4875 (21.5) | 611 (40.3) | 3720 (33.8) | 226 (29.9) |
| Can read a bit | 10 620 (46.9) | 716 (47.3) | 5212 (47.4) | 332 (44.0) |
| Can read very well | 7078 (31.2) | 177 (11.7) | 2022 (18.4) | 191 (25.3) |
| No response or missing | 78 (0.3) | 11 (0.7) | 62 (0.6) | 6 (0.8) |
| Wealth index, n (%) | ||||
| 1—lowest | 5214 (23.0) | 541 (35.7) | 3154 (28.6) | 246 (32.6) |
| 2 | 5407 (23.9) | 421 (27.8) | 2910 (26.4) | 175 (23.2) |
| 3 | 5490 (24.2) | 361 (23.8) | 2807 (25.5) | 181 (24.0) |
| 4—highest | 6540 (28.9) | 192 (12.7) | 2145 (19.5) | 151 (20.0) |
| Marital status, n (%) | ||||
| Single | 4173 (18.4) | 82 (5.4) | 1243 (11.3) | 132 (17.5) |
| Married or cohabitating | 18 267 (80.7) | 1405 (92.7) | 9644 (87.6) | 600 (79.5) |
| Separated, divorced or widowed | 204 (0.9) | 26 (1.7) | 128 (1.2) | 19 (2.5) |
| Missing | 7 (0.03) | 2 (0.1) | 1 (0.01) | 4 (0.5) |
| Median household size (IQR) | 6 (4–8) | 6 (4–8) | 6 (4–8) | 6 (4–8) |
| Time walking from home to health facility | ||||
| <1 hour | 9276 (41.0%) | 293 (19.3%) | 2301 (20.9%) | 253 (33.5%) |
| 1–<2 hours | 7823 (34.5%) | 526 (34.7%) | 4202 (38.1%) | 278 (36.8%) |
| 2–<3 hours | 3981 (17.6%) | 449 (29.6%) | 3054 (27.7%) | 140 (18.5%) |
| 3–<4 hours | 1047 (4.6%) | 167 (11.0%) | 1017 (9.2%) | 58 (7.7%) |
| 4–<5 hours | 250 (1.1%) | 43 (2.8%) | 248 (2.3%) | 12 (1.6%) |
| 5 hours or more | 120 (0.5%) | 12 (0.8%) | 129 (1.2%) | 8 (1.1%) |
| Unknown | 81 (0.4%) | 17 (1.1%) | 42 (0.4%) | 2 (0.3%) |
| Missing | 74 (0.3%) | 8 (0.5%) | 23 (0.2%) | 4 (0.5%) |
| Pregnancy characteristics | ||||
| Parity, mean (SD) | 2.7 (2.3) | 2.4 (2.3) | 2.3 (2.3) | 2.5 (2.3) |
| Primiparous, n (%) | 4230 (18.7) | 231 (15.3) | 2188 (19.9) | 119 (15.8) |
| Multiparous, n (%) | 11 939 (52.7) | 1131 (74.7) | 7086 (64.3) | 401 (53.1) |
| Missing, n (%) | 6482 (28.6) | 153 (10.1) | 1742 (15.8) | 235 (31.1) |
| Gravida, mean (SD) | 3.8 (2.4) | 3.5 (2.3) | 3.4 (2.3) | 3.5 (2.3) |
| Primigravida, n (%) | 6327 (27.9) | 148 (9.8) | 1702 (15.5) | 225 (29.8) |
| Multigravida, n (%) | 16 294 (71.4) | 1362 (89.9) | 9298 (84.4) | 525 (69.5) |
| Missing, n (%) | 30 (0.1) | 5 (0.3) | 16 (0.2) | 5 (0.7) |
| Gestational age at enrolment, mean (SD) | 27.9 (6.8) | 28.0 (7.0) | 28.1 (7.1) | 28.1 (7.0) |
| Time between water breaking and delivery, n (%) | ||||
| Less than 24 hours | 20 259 (91.7) | 1344 (88.7) | 10 123 (91.9) | 418 (55.4) |
| 24–48 hours | 781 (3.5) | 25 (1.7) | 168 (1.5) | 35 (4.6) |
| More than 48 hours | 120 (0.54) | 8 (0.53) | 26 (0.2) | 2 (0.3) |
| Don’t know | 915 (4.1) | 120 (8.0) | 446 (4.1) | 32 (4.2) |
| Missing | 576 (2.5) | 1 (1.2) | 253 (2.3) | 268 (35.5) |
Those who responded to having ‘no plan’ or ‘other’ when asked about intended delivery location, and those who responded as ‘other’ when asked about actual delivery location were excluded from demographic analysis (n=1168).
ZamCAT, Zambia Chlorhexidine Application Trial.