Adjusted relative risks of COVID-19-related hospitalisations and death according to the number of medications used among older adults in Quebec, Canada
| Hospitalisations | Deaths | |
| aRR (95% CI) | aRR (95% CI) | |
| No of medications used in past year | ||
| 0–4 | Ref | Ref |
| 5–9 | 1.11 (1.04 to 1.19) | 1.13 (0.99 to 1.30) |
| 10–14 | 1.19 (1.11 to 1.27) | 1.30 (1.13 to 1.50) |
| 15–19 | 1.36 (1.27 to 1.46) | 1.57 (1.36 to 1.82) |
| 20+ | 1.62 (1.51 to 1.75) | 1.97 (1.70 to 2.27) |
| Age group (year) | ||
| 66–69 | Ref | Ref |
| 70–74 | 1.28 (1.19 to 1.37) | 1.73 (1.46 to 2.06) |
| 75–59 | 1.59 (1.48 to 1.70) | 2.28 (1.93 to 2.70) |
| 80+ | 1.80 (1.69 to 1.92) | 3.94 (3.36 to 4.63) |
| Sex | ||
| Female | Ref | Ref |
| Male | 1.36 (1.32 to 1.40) | 1.68 (1.59 to 1.78) |
| No of conditions | ||
| 0 | Ref | Ref |
| 1 | 1.27 (1.16 to 1.40) | 1.30 (1.07 to 1.59) |
| 2 | 1.43 (1.30 to 1.57) | 1.56 (1.28 to 1.91) |
| 3 | 1.66 (1.51 to 1.83) | 1.77 (1.44 to 2.17) |
| ≥4 | 2.02 (1.85 to 2.21) | 2.52 (2.08 to 3.06) |
| Material deprivation | ||
| 1 (least deprived) | Ref | Ref |
| 2 | 0.96 (0.90 to 1.02) | 0.98 (0.88 to 1.10) |
| 3 | 0.99 (0.94 to 1.05) | 0.99 (0.89 to 1.10) |
| 4 | 0.95 (0.89 to 1.00) | 0.92 (0.83 to 1.02) |
| 5 (most deprived) | 1.00 (0.95 to 1.06) | 0.94 (0.85 to 1.04) |
| Social deprivation | ||
| 1 (least deprived) | Ref | Ref |
| 2 | 0.98 (0.91 to 1.04) | 0.95 (0.84 to 1.07) |
| 3 | 1.05 (0.99 to 1.12) | 0.95 (0.85 to 1.08) |
| 4 | 1.16 (1.09 to 1.23) | 1.02 (0.91 to 1.14) |
| 5 (most deprived) | 1.16 (1.10 to 1.23) | 1.04 (0.93 to 1.16) |
| Living environments | ||
| Home | Ref | Ref |
| Private senior residency | 0.82 (0.79 to 0.85) | 1.12 (1.05 to 1.20) |
| Intermediate facility | 0.80 (0.75 to 0.85) | 1.29 (1.17 to 1.42) |
aRR, adjusted RR.