Table 5

Multivariable logistic regression results on the association between reported COVID-19 symptoms and testing for COVID-19 among female respondents

VariablesaOR (95% CI)
Model 1
aOR (95% CI)
Model 2
aOR (95% CI)
Model 3
aOR (95% CI)
Model 4
aOR (95% CI)
Model 5
COVID-19 symptoms among respondents and/or household member
 NoReferenceReferenceReferenceReferenceReference
 Yes2.63*** (1.87 to 3.70)2.50*** (1.79 to 3.48)2.60*** (1.88 to 3.60)2.49*** (1.79 to 3.48)1.52*** (1.81 to 3.52)
Age
 18–44ReferenceReferenceReferenceReference
 45–640.70* (0.51 to 0.95)0.72* (0.53 to 0.98)0.77 (0.55 to 1.06)0.74 (0.53 to 1.03)
 65–840.34*** (0.24 to 0.47)0.35*** (0.25 to 0.50)0.37*** (0.26 to 0.53)0.34*** (0.23 to 0.50)
 85 years and above1.42 (0.17 to 11.97)1.59 (0.18 to 14.31)1.44 (0.19 to 10.79)1.20 (0.16 to 8.92)
Province
 QuebecReferenceReferenceReference
 British Columbia0.52 (0.26 to 1.04)0.55 (0.28 to 1.06)0.56 (0.29 to 1.09)
 Ontario0.97 (0.64 to 1.46)1.01 (0.69 to 1.47)1.03 (0.71 to 1.50)
 Alberta2.65*** (1.53 to 4.57)2.79*** (1.67 to 4.67)2.83*** (1.69 to 4.73)
 Other provinces0.81 (0.44 to 1.49)0.89 (0.51 to 1.55)0.91 (0.53 to 1.58)
Ethnic groups
 WhiteReferenceReferenceReference
 Black0.64 (0.23 to 1.82)0.59 (0.21 to 1.69)0.57 (0.20 to 1.64)
 Mixed race1.74 (0.76 to 4.00)1.70 (0.73 to 3.97)1.68 (0.51 to 2.22)
 Other1.11 (0.55 to 2.26)1.08 (0.52 to 2.46)1.07 (0.72 to 3.92)
Minority group
 NoReferenceReferenceReference
 Yes1.15 (0.59 to 2.23)1.21 (0.61 to 2.40)1.25 (0.63 to 2.46)
Highest level of education
 High school or lessReferenceReference
 College/CEGEP or undergraduate university degree1.68 (0.98 to 2.87)1.65 (0.97 to 2.80)
 Postgraduate2.12*(1.14 to 3.94)2.05*(1.11 to 3.78)
Total income in 2019
 Less than US$20 000ReferenceReference
 US$20 000 to less than US$50 0000.85 (0.53 to 1.37)0.84 (0.48 to 1.15)
 US$50 000 to less than US$100 0000.72 (0.44 to 1.15)0.73 (0.40 to 1.02)
 US$100 000 or more0.87 (0.47 to 1.63)0.91 (0.48 to 1.68)
No of household members
 1Reference
 2–30.82 (0.56 to 1.19)
 4 or more0.73 (0.47 to 1.14)
  • Exponentiated coefficients; 95% CIs in brackets.

  • Model 1: Contains only reported COVID-19 symptoms and testing.

  • Model 2: Adjusted for gender and age.

  • Model 3: Adjusted for gender, age, province, ethnicity and minority group.

  • Model 4: Adjusted for gender, age, province, ethnicity and minority group, highest level of education, and total income in 2019.

  • Model 5: Adjusted for gender, age, province, ethnicity and minority group, highest level of education, total income in 2019 and number of household members.

  • *P<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.

  • aOR, adjusted OR.