Multivariable logistic regression results on the association between reported COVID-19 symptoms and testing for COVID-19
| Variables | aOR (95% CI) Model 1 | aOR (95% CI) Model 2 | aOR (95% CI) Model 3 | aOR (95% CI) Model 4 | aOR (95% CI) Model 5 |
| COVID-19 symptoms among respondents and/or household member | |||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 2.00*** (1.37 to 2.92) | 1.89*** (1.29 to 2.76) | 1.94** (1.33 to 2.82) | 1.91** (1.32 to 2.76) | 1.91** (1.32 to 2.76) |
| Gender | |||||
| Female | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |
| Male | 0.70* (0.49 to 0.98) | 0.67* (0.48 to 0.93) | 0.71* (0.50 to 0.98) | 0.69* (0.49 to 0.96) | |
| Age | |||||
| 18–44 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |
| 45–64 | 0.76 (0.54 to 1.09) | 0.79 (0.56 to 1.13) | 0.87 (0.61 to 1.24) | 0.86 (0.60 to 1.22) | |
| 65–84 | 0.57** (0.40 to 0.82) | 0.61 (0.42 to 0.88) | 0.66*(0.45 to 0.96) | 0.62* (0.42 to 0.93) | |
| 85 years and above | 1.27 (0.16 to 10.20) | 1.41 (0.15 to 13.23) | 1.33 (0.17 to 10.35) | 1.10 (0.14 to 8.70) | |
| Province | |||||
| Quebec | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||
| British Columbia | 0.42** (0.24 to 0.75) | 0.41** (0.23 to 0.74) | 0.42** (0.23 to 0.75) | ||
| Ontario | 1.17 (0.83 to 1.66) | 1.17 (0.83 to 1.64) | 1.19 (0.85 to 1.67) | ||
| Alberta | 2.97*** (1.70 to 5.18) | 3.08*** (1.81 to 5.27) | 3.11*** (1.82 to 5.32) | ||
| Other provinces | 0.65 (0.36 to 1.15) | 0.70 (0.40 to 1.21) | 0.72 (0.42 to 1.25) | ||
| Ethnic groups | |||||
| White | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||
| Black | 0.38* (0.14 to 0.99) | 0.39 (0.15 to 1.03) | 0.38 (0.14 to 1.02) | ||
| Mixed race | 1.46 (0.60 to 3.52) | 1.51 (0.62 to 3.69) | 1.59 (0.75 to 3.36) | ||
| Other | 1.53 (0.73 to 3.21) | 1.61 (0.76 to 3.39) | 1.53 (0.62 to 3.74) | ||
| Minority group | |||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 1.03 (0.53 to 1.99) | 0.99 (0.51 to 1.94) | 1.02 (0.52 to 2.01) | ||
| Highest level of education | |||||
| High school or less | Reference | Reference | |||
| College/CEGEP or undergraduate university degree | 1.70 (1.00 to 2.89) | 1.68 (0.99 to 2.86) | |||
| Postgraduate | 1.88* (1.03 to 3.44) | 1.84* (1.01 to 3.36) | |||
| Total income in 2019 | |||||
| Less than US$20 000 | Reference | Reference | |||
| US$20 000 to less than US$50 000 | 0.74 (0.48 to 1.16) | 0.74 (0.48 to 1.15) | |||
| US$50 000 to less than US$100 000 | 0.64 (0.41 to 1.02) | 0.64 (0.40 to 1.02) | |||
| US$100 000 or more | 0.68 (0.35 to 1.35) | 0.72 (0.37 to 1.40) | |||
| No of household members | |||||
| 1 | Reference | ||||
| 2–3 | 0.78 (0.52 to 1.17) | ||||
| 4 or more | 0.74 (0.45 to 1.22) |
Exponentiated coefficients; 95% CIs in brackets.
Model 1: Contains only reported COVID-19 symptoms and testing.
Model 2: Adjusted for gender and age.
Model 3: Adjusted for gender, age, province, ethnicity and minority group.
Model 4: Adjusted for gender, age, province, ethnicity, and minority group, highest level of education and total income in 2019.
Model 5: Adjusted for gender, age, province, ethnicity, and minority group, highest level of education, total income in 2019 and number of household members.
*P<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.
aOR, adjusted OR.