Table 2

Unadjusted and adjusted ORs and IRRs based on zero-inflated negative binomial models for the association between literacy at wave 5 and the number of medications at wave 6

UnadjustedAdjusted*
Logistic part†Negative binomial part†Logistic part†Negative binomial part†
OR (95% CI)IRR (95% CI)OR (95% CI)IRR (95% CI)
Health literacy
 Low (score <4)0.39 (0.27 to 0.57)1.20 (1.13 to 1.27)0.64 (0.45 to 0.91)1.01 (0.96 to 1.05)
 Adequate (score=4)1.00 (ref)1.00 (ref)1.00 (ref)1.00 (ref)
  • 95% CI with robust SEs.

  • Estimates for covariates are reported in online supplemental appendix 1.

  • Bold valus are statistically significant.

  • *Full adjustment for baseline factors at wave 5 (2010/11) and Charlson Comorbidity Index, self-rated health and depression at wave 6 (2012/13).

  • †The logistic part estimates the probability (ORs) of being certain zero medication whereas the negative binomial part estimates the number of medications (IRRs) among those at risk of medication.

  • IRR, incidence rate ratio; OR, odds ratio; ref, reference.