Internal consistency and construct validity of the original model PaSKI
| Factors | # of items AUT | # of items CHE | # of items GER | Cronbach’s α AUT | Cronbach’s α CHE* | Cronbach’s α GER** |
| Unit level | ||||||
| Supervisor, manager expectations and actions promoting safety | 4 | 4 | 3 | 0.79 | 0.78 | 0.75 |
| Organisational learning—continuous improvement | 3 | 3 | / | 0.67 | 0.68 | / |
| Teamwork within units | 4 | 4 | 3 | 0.65 | 0.73 | 0.78 |
| Communication openness | 3 | 3 | / | 0.64 | 0.64 | / |
| Feedback and communication about error | 3 | 3 | / | 0.78 | 0.79 | / |
| Non-punitive response to error | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0.74 | 0.71 | 0.73 |
| Staffing | 4 | 3 | / | 0.66 | 0.61 | / |
| Unit management support for patient safety | 5 | 4 | / | 0.87 | / | / |
| Unit handoffs and transitions | 4 | 4 | / | 0.64 | / | / |
| Hospital level | ||||||
| Hospital management support for patient safety | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0.70 | 0.83 | 0.83 |
| Teamwork across hospital units | 4 | 4 | / | 0.72 | 0.76 | / |
| Hospital handoffs and transitions | 2 | 2 | / | 0.88 | 0.71 | / |
| Outcome measures | ||||||
| Overall perceptions of safety | 4 | 4 | / | 0.86 | 0.75 | / |
| Frequency of event reporting | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0.78 | 0.88 | 0.87 |
Threshold value references: *25, **31
Bold values are data from this study.
AUT, Austria; CHE, Switzerland; GER, Germany; PaSKI, Patient Safety Climate Inventory.