The list and the definitions of indicators and the outcome variable used in the analysis
| Factors | Variables | Description | Year | N | Mean±SD | Min | Max |
| Health related | Obesity41 | Obesity (defined as body mass index ≥30, crude estimate %) prevalence in ≥18-year-old people | 2016 | 170 | 10.59±5.84 | 2.10 | 37.30 |
| Hypertension42 | High blood pressure (systolic blood pressure ≥140) or (diastolic blood pressure ≥90) prevalence in ≥18-year-old people | 2015 | 170 | 23.45±5.31 | 12.60 | 41.00 | |
| Alcohol43 | Annual alcohol consumption per capita (litre) in ≥15-year-old people | 2018 | 170 | 4.96±3.87 | 0.00 | 20.05 | |
| Diabetes44 | Diabetes, raised fasting blood glucose (≥7.0 mmol/L) prevalence in ≥18-year-old people | 2014 | 170 | 7.70±3.99 | 1.00 | 22.10 | |
| Cholesterol45 | Hypercholesterolaemia, raised total cholesterol (≥6.2 mmol/L) prevalence in ≥25-year-old people | 2008 | 170 | 10.59±5.84 | 2.50 | 29.10 | |
| Air pollution46 | Mortality attributable to joint effects of household and ambient air pollution in adults such as acute respiratory infections, cerebrovascular diseases, ischaemic heart diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer in adults (ambient and household air pollution attributable death rate (per 100 000 population) | 2016 | 169 | 10.59±5.84 | 9.00 | 184.00 | |
| Climatic | Sunshine47 | Total sunshine hours (duration of sunlight in a year for countries) | 2019 | 170 | 2519.18±576.3 | 1177.00 | 3737.00 |
| Socioeconomic | Vegetable48 | Annual vegetable consumption for countries (kg/per capita) | 2017 | 154 | 91.93±69.73 | 6.28 | 377.17 |
| HDI49 | Human Development Index. A measure prepared in line with the life span, literacy rate, education and life level for countries around the world (rate between 0.800 and 1000 is very high, rate between 0.350 and 0.549 low) | 2020 | 169 | 727.75±151.3 | 394.00 | 957.00 | |
| Urbanisation50 | % of population living in urban areas for countries around the world | 2019 | 169 | 60.31±22.11 | 13.25 | 100.00 | |
| Age51 | Elderly people ratio whose age 65 and over for countries around the world | 2019 | 168 | 9.22±6.5 | 1.16 | 28.00 | |
| Schooling52 | Average number of completed years of education of a country’s population aged 25 and higher around the world | 2020 | 169 | 8.44±3.12 | 1.40 | 13.40 | |
| Undernourishment53 | The proportion of people who are malnourished as a percentage of the population that reflects the share of the population with insufficient caloric intake around the world | 2019 | 170 | 0.11±0.12 | 0.01 | 0.60 | |
| Happiness54 | Happiness Index that shows life satisfaction in different nations, nationally representative samples of respondents are asked to imagine a ladder (rate between 10 representing the best possible life and a 0 representing the worst possible life) | 2019 | 139 | 5.55±1.09 | 2.52 | 7.84 | |
| GINI55 | Gini Inequality Index measures whether the distribution of national income in a country is equal or not. The coefficient takes values between 0 and 1, and higher values correspond to greater inequality. | 2019 | 170 | 38.86±8.04 | 25.00 | 63.00 | |
| Political | Democracy56 | Index that measures the state of democracy in 167 countries. It takes values between 0 and 10. 10 represents the perfect democracy and 0 represents the dictator regime. | 2020 | 155 | 5.52±2.18 | 1.43 | 9.81 |
| Transparency57 | Transparency measured by the Corruption Perception Index for each country, score between 100 represents very clean and 0 represents highly corrupt | 2020 | 166 | 43.92±18.74 | 12.00 | 88.00 | |
| Target variables | TotalDeath-COV199 58 | Cumulative total deaths per million people by 31 December 2020 | 2020 | 170 | 294.91±375.79 | 0.00 | 1673.00 |
| TotalCase-COV199 59 | Cumulative total cases per million people by 31 December 2020 | 2020 | 170 | 16874.29±20 449.21 | 4.00 | 11 568.00 | |
| Control variable | TBDeath60 | Deaths related to tuberculosis per 100.000 population yearly | 2020 | 170 | 101.79±135.30 | 0.40 | 611.00 |