A Summary of game elements, intervention components and behavioural economics (BE) principles
| Game elements | Gamification intervention components | BE principles |
| Patients will electronically sign a precommitment pledge to try their best to achieve their step goal. | Precommitment | |
| Points | Every Monday the patients will receive 140 points (20 for each day). | The fresh start effect |
| Points | If the patients reach the target step count, no points will be deducted; if not, 20 points will be deducted. | Loss aversion; anticipated regret |
| Collaboration | If the patient achieve the step goals and the other two people in her team also achieve the step goals, no points will be deducted; if the patient achieve the step goals but other two people in her team do not, 10 points for her team will be deducted; if neither the patient nor the other two people in her team does not achieve the step goal, 20 points will be deducted. | Social norms; loss aversion; anticipated regret |
| Levels | We set five levels, from low to high is bronze, silver, gold, platinum and diamonds. At the beginning of the trial, the patient is set to the gold level. If the patient has a total score of less than 80 points in a week, the level will drop, and if the total score is greater than or equal to 80 points, the level will rise. | the fresh start effect; goal gradients; loss aversion |
| Rewards | At the end of the intervention, if the patients’ level is diamond, they will be rewarded with a small prize. | |
| Feedback | Patients in the two intervention groups will receive feedback according to their progress weekly. |