Non-exhaustive list of publications on non-targeted HCV screening in the ER
| Authors | Country | Population | Test used | Screened | Positive (anti-HCV) | New positive | RNA | Linkage | Ref. |
| Bielen et al | Belgium | 18–70 years | Standard (Abbott HCV 3.0R) | 2366 | 1.31% | 5 (0.2%) | Yes | 12 requiring linkage; 9 (75%) linked | 12 |
| Bundle et al | UK | Adults | Standard | 6211 | 2.4% | 13 (0.2%) | Yes | 44 requiring linkage; 29 (66%) notified; 13 (30%) fully linked | 13 |
| Cieply et al | UK | ≥18 years | Standard (ARCHITECT, Abbott) on residual blood samples | 2833 | 2.0% | – | Yes | – | 14 |
| Schechter- Perkins et al | USA (Boston, MA) | ≥13 years undergoing phlebotomy | Standard (ARCHITECT, Abbott) | 3808 | 13.2% | 63 (1.7%) | Yes | 223 linkage attempted; 66 (29.6%) linked | 15 |
| Cowan et al | USA (Bronx, NY) | Adults | Rapid test (OraQuick HCV rapid antibody, Orasure) | 187 | 0.5% | – | No | Linkage protocol in place | 16 |
| Evans et al | UK | ≥16 years undergoing phlebotomy | Standard (ARCHITECT, Abbott) | 3212 | 2% | 10 (0.3%) | No; HCV Ag | 18 requiring linkage; 14 (78%) linked | 17 |
| Torian et al | USA (Bronx, NY) | Adults, blood remnants | Standard (VITROS anti-HCV, Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics) | 4989 | 7.5% | 38 (0.8%)* | Yes | – | 18 |
| Bert et al | Germany | ≥18 years, blood remnants | Standard | 10 215 | 2.7% | – | Yes | 95 patients contacted; 20 interested by investigations | 19 |
| Hsieh et al | USA (Baltimore, MD) | >17 years, blood remnants | Standard (GENEDIA HCV ELISA 3.0, GreenCross Life Science) | 4713 | 13.8% | 204 (4.3%) | Yes | – | 20 |
| Lyons et al | USA (Cincinnati, OH) | 18–64 years | Standard (ELISA kit for Human Hepatitis C, Biochain) | 924 | 13.9% | 87 (9.4%) | Yes | – | 21 |
| O’Connell et al | Ireland | ≥18 years undergoing phlebotomy | Standard | 8839 | 5.1% | 58 (0.7%) | Yes | 58 new patients requiring linkage; 43 (74.1%) linked | 22 |
| Vermehren et al | Germany | ≥18 years blood remnants | Standard (Elecsys anti-HCV immunoassay, Roche and ARCHITECT anti-HCV, Abbott) | 28 809 | 2.6% | 265 (0.9%) | Yes | 535 to contact; 175 (33%) linked | 23 |
*Includes only RNA+.
ER, emergency room; HCV, hepatitis C virus.