Characteristics of COVID-19-positive study participants (n=1355) by reported number of COVID-19 symptoms
| Characteristics at study entry | No symptoms* (n=180) | Any symptoms† (n=1155) | 1–6 symptoms (n=486) | 7–9 symptoms (n=364) | 10–18 symptoms (n=305) | P value‡ |
| Age (years, mean (SD)) | 41.9 (17.5) | 43.9 (16.1) | 44.5 (16.7) | 45.1 (16.1) | 41.6 (14.6) | 0.03 |
| Days since symptoms began (mean (SD))§ | – | 86.6 (95.7) | 87.0 (100.7) | 84.7 (87.8) | 88.2 (97.1) | 0.95 |
| Days since positive test (mean (SD))¶ | 68.5 (73.4) | 83.3 (91.4) | 83.3 (94.9) | 82.7 (86.0) | 84.3 (92.2) | 0.88 |
| Sex (n, %)** | <0.001 | |||||
| Female | 109 (60.6) | 806 (69.8) | 310 (63.8) | 249 (68.4) | 247 (81.0) | |
| Male | 68 (37.8) | 342 (29.6) | 174 (35.8) | 113 (31.0) | 55 (18.0) | |
| Ethnicity (n, %) | 0.05 | |||||
| Non-Hispanic | 129 (72.1) | 886 (77.5) | 380 (79.0) | 284 (79.3) | 222 (73.0) | |
| Hispanic | 48 (26.8) | 245 (21.4) | 94 (19.5) | 72 (20.1) | 79 (26.0) | |
| BMI (kg/m2, mean (SD)) | 27.6 (6.5) | 28.5 (6.9) | 27.4 (5.9) | 29.0 (7.2) | 29.6 (7.8) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||
| <18.5 | 7 (3.9) | 32 (2.8) | 14 (2.9) | 11 (3.0) | 7 (2.3) | 0.95 |
| 18.5–24.9 | 71 (39.4) | 375 (32.7) | 175 (36.3) | 107 (29.6) | 93 (30.7) | Ref |
| 25.0–29.9 | 45 (25.0) | 344 (30.0) | 159 (33.0) | 108 (29.8) | 77 (25.4) | 0.81 |
| 30.0–39.9 | 46 (25.6) | 313 (27.3) | 116 (24.1) | 103 (28.5) | 94 (31.0) | 0.01 |
| ≥40 | 8 (4.4) | 83 (7.2) | 18 (3.8) | 33 (9.1) | 32 (10.6) | <0.001 |
| Smoking status (n, %) | 0.38 | |||||
| Never | 172 (95.6) | 1079 (94.2) | 457 (95.2) | 338 (93.1) | 284 (94.0) | |
| Occasionally or regularly | 8 (4.5) | 66 (5.8) | 23 (4.8) | 25 (6.9) | 18 (6.0) | |
| Self-rated severity score†† | – | 3.6 (2.3) | 5.6 (2.1) | 6.8 (1.9) | <0.001 |
*Sex: non-binary (n=1), transgender male (n=1). Missing values or prefer not to answer: days since positive test (n=2), ethnicity (n=3), BMI (n=3).
†Sex: non-binary (n=5), transgender male (n=1), transgender female (n=1). Missing values or prefer not to answer: days since symptom began (n=178), days since positive test (n=3), ethnicity (n=24), BMI (n=8), smoking status (n=10).
‡P values calculated using ordered logistic regression.
§Number of days between start of symptoms and survey completion.
¶Number of days between positive test date and survey completion.
**Non-binary is a term for gender identities that fall outside of the traditional gender binary of male and female, and is how several participants self-identified.
BMI, body mass index.