Table 2

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), sociodemographics, other individual characteristics and associations with compliance with, trust in and support for COVID-19 control measures

		n	Low trust in NHS COVID-19 information (%)	Unfairly restricted a lot by government (%)	Social distancing should end (%)	Mandatory face coverings should go (%)	Break restrictions at least occasionally (%)	Vaccine hesitancy (%)
ACE count	0	1185	4.05	7.26	4.39	3.46	20.93	4.98
	1	489	5.73	8.59	5.73	6.34	28.02	7.16
	2–3	376	7.45	12.23	5.59	7.45	31.12	10.11
	4+	235	12.34	17.45	14.47	14.04	37.87	19.15
	X²		26.817	28.154	35.999	43.081	39.321	58.625
	P value		<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
Age (years)	18–29	174	6.90	16.09	10.92	9.77	47.70	18.39
	30–39	239	7.11	12.97	9.21	12.97	35.98	15.90
	40–49	371	6.20	10.78	9.16	8.89	28.84	9.16
	50–59	543	5.16	9.21	6.45	5.16	26.34	7.00
	60–69	447	4.70	7.83	3.13	3.36	23.04	4.70
	70+	511	6.26	6.07	2.15	1.76	13.50	2.74
	X²		2.839	21.525	39.054	54.389	100.389	75.027
	P value		0.725	0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
Deprivation quintile	Least 1	495	4.44	9.29	4.65	4.24	26.67	4.44
	2	509	3.73	5.70	4.13	4.32	26.13	5.50
	3	490	5.10	8.16	6.33	5.51	28.37	7.76
	4	437	8.70	11.67	7.55	6.86	25.63	9.84
	Most 5	354	8.19	13.84	7.63	9.32	21.19	12.99
	X²		16.440	19.909	8.485	13.207	5.838	27.466
	P value		0.002	0.001	0.075	0.010	0.212	<0.001
Sex	Male	806	6.95	10.67	7.69	8.06	27.79	8.56
	Female	1479	5.21	8.72	4.94	4.60	24.81	7.30
	X²		2.887	2.322	7.131	11.438	2.412	1.156
	P value		0.089	0.128	0.008	0.001	0.120	0.282
Ethnicity	White	2254	5.77	9.36	5.90	5.81	25.87	7.59
	Other	31	9.68	12.90	6.45	6.45	25.81	19.35
	X²		0.853	0.450	0.017	0.023	0.000	5.926
	P value		0.356	0.502	0.897	0.880	0.994	0.015
Had COVID-19*	No	1837	5.50	8.49	5.50	5.39	24.39	6.80
	Yes	448	7.14	13.17	7.59	7.59	31.92	11.61
	X²		1.777	9.245	2.833	3.180	10.656	11.625
	P value		0.182	0.002	0.092	0.075	0.001	0.001
Chronic disease†	No	1488	5.51	9.68	6.45	7.06	29.50	8.40
	Yes	797	6.40	8.91	4.89	3.51	19.07	6.52
	X²		0.747	0.360	2.267	11.887	29.452	2.556
	P value		0.387	0.548	0.132	0.001	<0.001	0.110

*Having had COVID-19 was self-reported, see the Methods section.
†Chronic diseases included cancer, type II diabetes, heart disease and respiratory diseases, see the Methods section for details. Full wording of all questions is provided in online supplemental appendix table A1.
NHS, National Health Service.