Comparisons of characteristics according to the presence of MACE among the general Korean population included in the analyses
| Variables | With MACE (3.7%) | Without MACE (96.3%) | P value* |
| Unweighted, n | 676 | 12 788 | |
| Weighted, n | 3 349 365 | 87 076 524 | |
| Age (years) | 66.2±0.5 | 46.8±0.3 | <0.001 |
| Age group | |||
| 20–49 | 316 672 (7.0) | 68 910 214 (32.4) | <0.001 |
| 50–59 | 874 425 (19.3) | 24 310 692 (16.4) | |
| 60–69 | 1 330 644 (29.3) | 15 082 772 (10.2) | |
| ≥70 | 2 020 659 (44.5) | 12 329 764 (8.3) | |
| Sex | <0.001 | ||
| Men | 1 943 927 (58.0) | 43 082 845 (49.5) | |
| Women | 1 205 437 (42.0) | 43 993 678 (50.5) | |
| Region of residence | 0.002 | ||
| Metropolitan | 1 506 804 (45.0) | 40 135 796 (46.1) | |
| Urban | 1 150 887 (34.4) | 34 134 283 (39.2) | |
| Rural | 691 672 (20.7) | 12 806 444 (14.7) | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.61±0.14 | 23.95±0.04 | <0.001 |
| Income | <0.001 | ||
| Low | 1 188 254 (35.6) | 12 706 743 (14.6) | |
| Mid-low | 853 342 (25.6) | 20 380 006 (23.5) | |
| Mid-high | 765 434 (22.9) | 25 502 441 (29.4) | |
| High | 61 729 (15.9) | 28 253 096 (32.5) | |
| Education | <0.001 | ||
| ≤Elementary | 1 424 388 (42.7) | 11 891 195 (13.7) | |
| Middlehigh | 1 409 969 (42.3) | 37 048 942 (42.6) | |
| ≥College | 501 740 (15.0) | 37 962 690 (43.7) | |
| Smoking | <0.001 | ||
| Never-smoker | 1 579 384 (47.2) | 50 517 035 (58.1) | |
| Ex-smoker | 1 206 389 (36.0) | 18 584 453 (21.4) | |
| Current smoker | 563 590 (16.8) | 17 812 544 (20.5) | |
| Alcohol consumption | <0.001 | ||
| Never | 1 226 155 (36.6) | 19 170 781 (22.0) | |
| ≤1 month | 846 037 (25.3) | 24 888 864 (28.6) | |
| 2–4/month | 470 455 (14.0) | 21 869 824 (25.2) | |
| 1>week | 806 718 (24.1) | 21 015 283 (24.2) | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Hypertension | 2 115 091 (63.1) | 15 576 157 (17.9) | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 1 898 258 (41.8) | 17 540 299 (11.8) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 945 135 (28.2) | 5 693 892 (6.5) | <0.001 |
| Depression | 337 066 (10.1) | 3 338 335 (3.8) | <0.001 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 34 692 (5.2) | 96 004 (1.5) | <0.001 |
| Family history of MACE | 75 337 (2.2) | 97 548 (1.1) | 0.013 |
| Total energy intake (kcal/day) | 1726.7±35.8 | 2045.0±12.4 | <0.001 |
| Estimated 24-hour urinary sodium excretion (g/d) | 3.299±0.040 | 3.070±0.001 | <0.001 |
Values are presented as mean±SD or number (%).
*P values were obtained by χ2 test or t-test
MACE, major adverse cardiovascular events.