Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms† by sociodemographic and health-related factors among the subgroups who have reported ‘experience of traumatic event’ from the sample of men and women aged 18–49 years old in the Yangon Region of Myanmar
| Men (N=340) | Median IES-R score (IQR) | P value | Women (N=220) | Median IES-R score (IQR) | P value | |||||
| N | Prevalence, n (%) | P value | N | Prevalence, n (%)† | P value | |||||
| Age group (years) | 0.23 | 0.95 | 0.49 | 0.59 | ||||||
| 18–29 | 120 | 16 (11.2) | 12 (2) | 73 | 31 (41.7) | 17 (18) | ||||
| 30–39 | 122 | 25 (19.5) | 12 (4) | 76 | 36 (44.5) | 19 (15) | ||||
| 40–49 | 98 | 21 (21.8) | 12 (5) | 71 | 29 (37.8) | 13 (17) | ||||
| Location | 0.18 | 0.15 | 0.03* | 0.02* | ||||||
| Rural | 168 | 37 (20.5) | 12 (5) | 110 | 40 (34.8) | 15 (13) | ||||
| Urban | 172 | 25 (12.7) | 12 (2) | 110 | 56 (48.2) | 19 (17) | ||||
| Years of schooling‡ | 0.41 | 0.52 | 0.12 | 0.16 | ||||||
| >11 | 63 | 11 (9.0) | 12 (4) | 29 | 8 (28.6) | 14 (9) | ||||
| 6–11 | 172 | 34 (19.4) | 13 (3) | 103 | 45 (37.4) | 18 (18) | ||||
| <5 | 105 | 17 (17.5) | 12 (2) | 88 | 43 (50.2) | 21 (17) | ||||
| Marital status | 0.15 | 0.49 | 0.31 | 0.04* | ||||||
| Never having had a partner | 88 | 11 (12.3) | 12 (3) | 41 | 19 (49.6) | 20 (20) | ||||
| Having or having already had a partner | 252 | 51 (18.6) | 12 (4) | 179 | 77 (39.8) | 17 (15) | ||||
| Mental distress§ | 0.02* | 0.002* | 0.002* | <0.001** | ||||||
| Yes | 62 | 25 (31.9) | 12 (13) | 71 | 48 (63.8) | 28 (20) | ||||
| No | 278 | 37 (13.5) | 12 (2) | 149 | 48 (31.7) | 15 (12) | ||||
| Witnessing parent beating | 0.02* | 0.15 | 0.13 | 0.006* | ||||||
| Yes | 89 | 22 (25.3) | 13 (10) | 66 | 36 (52.7) | 21 (15) | ||||
| No | 251 | 40 (13.7) | 12 (2) | 154 | 60 (35.1) | 14 (16) | ||||
| Domestic violence (lifetime) | 0.88 | 0.75 | 0.13 | 0.002* | ||||||
| Yes | 148 | 30 (17.5) | 12 (3) | 117 | 62 (47.9) | 19 (17) | ||||
| No | 192 | 32 (16.6) | 12 (4) | 103 | 34 (34.2) | 14 (14) | ||||
| Childhood emotional abuse | 0.70 | 0.75 | 0.04* | 0.001* | ||||||
| Yes | 18 | 3 (23.2) | 12 (8) | 41 | 27 (63.7) | 29 (20) | ||||
| No | 322 | 59 (16.7) | 12 (3) | 179 | 69 (35.8) | 16 (13) | ||||
| Childhood physical abuse | 0.16 | 0.69 | 0.56 | 0.69 | ||||||
| Yes | 26 | 4 (6.6) | 12 (1) | 32 | 27 (63.7) | 14 (15) | ||||
| No | 314 | 58 (17.9) | 12 (4) | 188 | 69 (35.8) | 18 (17) | ||||
| Childhood sexual abuse | 0.18 | 0.60 | 0.65 | 0.36 | ||||||
| Yes | 6 | 1 (4.0) | 12 (4) | 42 | 18 (37.5) | 19 (19) | ||||
| No | 334 | 61 (17.2) | 12 (3) | 177 | 57 (28.6) | 17 (16) | ||||
| Any childhood abuse | 0.35 | 0.85 | 0.09 | 0.003* | ||||||
| Yes | 46 | 8 (12.0) | 12 (1) | 76 | 41 (52.4) | 23 (19) | ||||
| No | 294 | 54 (17.8) | 12 (4) | 144 | 55 (35.1) | 16 (13) | ||||
*P<0.05, **P<0.001.
†IES-R score ≥20.
‡Years at school: <5 years (primary education), 6–11 years (secondary education: middle and high school) and >11 years (tertiary education: university).
§Mental distress: >1.85 Hopkins Symptom Checklist score.
IES-R, Impact of Event Scale—Revised.