Selected baseline characteristics of participants by types and subtypes of first adjudicated stroke
| IS | ICH | SAH | Any stroke | All CKB | |||
| Non-LACI | LACI | Silent LACI | |||||
| (n=7123) | (n=6690) | (n=3493) | (n=2623) | (n=370) | (n=20 299) | (n=484 413) | |
| Age, % | |||||||
| 30–39 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 4.4 | 6.3 | 2.4 | 16.0 |
| 40–49 | 13.1 | 14.3 | 13.4 | 16.9 | 21.4 | 14.5 | 31.0 |
| 50–59 | 32.5 | 34.3 | 33.0 | 34.6 | 36.6 | 33.8 | 30.8 |
| 60–69 | 35.5 | 34.4 | 35.1 | 30.0 | 24.8 | 33.9 | 16.6 |
| 70–79 | 16.9 | 15.2 | 16.4 | 14.2 | 11.0 | 15.5 | 5.7 |
| Mean (SD) | 60.1 (9.6) | 59.6 (9.5) | 60.0 (9.6) | 58.3 (10.0) | 56.5 (10.2) | 59.5 (9.7) | 51.5 (10.5) |
| Sex, % | |||||||
| Male | 50.0 | 46.5 | 39.0 | 53.1 | 36.9 | 47.4 | 40.8 |
| Female | 50.0 | 52.3 | 59.8 | 46.9 | 60.3 | 52.6 | 59.2 |
| Area, % | |||||||
| Rural | 58.0 | 40.6 | 39.0 | 63.3 | 51.6 | 49.2 | 56.8 |
| Urban | 42.0 | 59.4 | 61.0 | 36.7 | 48.4 | 50.8 | 43.2 |
| Highest education, % | |||||||
| No formal/primary school | 54.4 | 52.4 | 53.2 | 54.8 | 46.4 | 53.4 | 50.7 |
| Middle/high school | 40.1 | 42.4 | 38.8 | 40.3 | 40.1 | 42.3 | 43.6 |
| College/university | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.8 | 4.1 | 5.6 | 4.3 | 5.7 |
| Annual household income (RMB), % | |||||||
| <RMB9999 | 30.1 | 27.3 | 29.6 | 30.6 | 29.6 | 29.2 | 28.3 |
| RMB10 000–RMB19 999 | 29.4 | 33.5 | 30.1 | 30.6 | 24.0 | 30.7 | 28.8 |
| RMB20 000–RMB34 999 | 22.9 | 21.0 | 21.4 | 24.3 | 23.5 | 23.6 | 24.7 |
| ≥RMB35 000 | 16.0 | 17.0 | 15.9 | 13.7 | 15.1 | 16.5 | 18.1 |
| Current smoker, % | |||||||
| Males | 69.4 | 67.1 | 55.1 | 62.5 | 52.1 | 66.5 | 62.0 |
| Female | 3.5 | 3.6 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 4.3 | 3.0 | 2.3 |
| Current alcohol drinker, % | |||||||
| Males | 35.2 | 38.6 | 33.9 | 38.8 | 24.8 | 36.5 | 33.9 |
| Female | 2.5 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 3.7 | 1.3 | 2.5 | 2.1 |
| Regular dietary intake*, % | |||||||
| Meat | 79.2 | 82.0 | 79.1 | 81.7 | 72.3 | 82.3 | 82.9 |
| Fish | 44.8 | 45.4 | 42.4 | 42.8 | 41.6 | 45.6 | 46.8 |
| Dairy | 16.8 | 18.6 | 19.5 | 16.2 | 19.1 | 18.3 | 19.7 |
| Fruit | 55.1 | 54.8 | 54.9 | 54.8 | 58.6 | 56.3 | 59.5 |
| Prevalent disease†, % | |||||||
| Diabetes | 6.8 | 5.9 | 4.1 | 3.2 | 2.0 | 5.3 | 2.7 |
| Hypertension | 21.8 | 19.3 | 19.3 | 23.5 | 14.3 | 20.8 | 9.7 |
| Clinical measures, mean (SD) | |||||||
| SBP (mm Hg) | 140.3 (23.9) | 138.4 (23.9) | 132.8 (22.6) | 149.0 (24.5) | 124.7 (22.6) | 142.1 (24.2) | 130.4 (20.9) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.3 (3.6) | 24.0 (3.4) | 23.3 (3.4) | 24.0 (3.6) | 21.7 (3.5) | 24.4 (3.5) | 23.6 (3.4) |
| RPG (mmol/L) | 6.8 (3.5) | 6.4 (3.3) | 6.1 (2.9) | 6.2 (2.9) | 5.7 (3.2) | 6.5 (3.2) | 6.0 (2.3) |
| Hospital tier, % | |||||||
| Tier 1 (162 hospitals)‡ * | 2.7 | 4.5 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 3.2 | |
| Tier 2 (53 hospitals) | 4.2 | 6.2 | 3.7 | 4.7 | 3.1 | 4.7 | |
| Tier 3 (46 hospitals) | 91.6 | 88.1 | 90.6 | 91.9 | 85.7 | 92.0 | |
Means and percentages are directly standardised to age, sex and study area structure of the CKB study population after excluding 23 129 participants with prior CHD or stroke/TIA and 5184 participants with a reported stroke prior to first adjudicated stroke, as appropriate.
*1–3 days per week or more often.
†Self-reported at baseline survey.
‡Includes 126 community health centres.
BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; CKB, China Kadoorie Biobank; ICH, intracerebral haemorrhage; LACI, lacunar infarction; RPG, random plasma glucose; SAH, subarachnoid haemorrhage; SBP, systolic blood pressure; ; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.