The final 10-item COVID-PSS (n=4004)*
| Item | Scoring structure | Mean±SD; median (range) | Standardised factor loadings (95% CI)† | R2 | ||
| Stereotype | Prejudice | Fear | ||||
| Item 1: Most people infected with COVID-19 do not take care of their health. (Q2) | 1-2-3-4-5 | 2.2±1.1; 2 (1–5) | 0.61 (0.55 to 0.64) | – | – | 0.37 |
| Item 2: Most people infected with COVID-19 do not follow expert medical advice. (Q4) | 1-2-3-4-5 | 3.1±1.3; 3 (1–5) | 0.77 (0.75 to 0.79) | – | – | 0.60 |
| Item 3: Most people infected with COVID-19 like to party or socialise often. (Q5) | 1-2-3-4-5 | 2.8±1.3; 3 (1–5) | 0.79 (0.77 to 0.80) | – | – | 0.62 |
| Item 4: Most people infected with COVID-19 are contaminated with germs. (Q6) | 1-2-3-4-5 | 1.8±1.1; 1 (1–5) | – | 0.73 (0.71 to 0.75) | – | 0.54 |
| Item 5: Most people infected with COVID-19 are a burden to their families and society. (Q9) | 1-2-3-4-5 | 1.9±1.1; 2 (1–5) | – | 0.75 (0.73 to 0.77) | – | 0.54 |
| Item 6: Most people infected with COVID-19 are socially irresponsible. (Q10) | 1-2-3-4-5 | 2.0±1.1; 2 (1–5) | – | 0.72 (0.70 to 0.74) | – | 0.50 |
| Item 7: Most people infected with COVID-19 are a danger to other people. (Q8) | 1-2-3-4-5 | 2.7±1.3; 3 (1–5) | – | – | 0.65 (0.63 to 0.67) | 0.42 |
| Item 8: I fear people infected with COVID-19. (Q13) | 1-2-3-4-5 | 2.6±1.2; 3 (1–5) | – | – | 0.82 (0.81 to 0.84) | 0.68 |
| Item 9: I fear people who are at risk of COVID-19 infection even if they have not been infected yet. (Q14) | 1-2-3-4-5 | 2.3±1.1; 2 (1–5) | – | – | 0.77 (0.75 to 0.78) | 0.59 |
| Item 10: I fear being infected with COVID-19 if I live in a community with people who are infected with COVID-19. (Q27) | 1-2-3-4-5 | 2.6±1.2; 3 (1–5) | – | – | 0.64 (0.62 to 0.66) | 0.41 |
| Overall | Possible range 10–50 | 24.2±7.6; 24 (10–50) | – | – | – | 0.98 |
*The final COVID-PSS items are expressed as a non-validated English version.
†Based on standardised confirmatory factor analysis.
COVID-PSS, COVID-19 Public Stigma Scale.